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    Home > Food News > Food Articles > "Genetic scissors" allow skin cells to "transform" stem cells

    "Genetic scissors" allow skin cells to "transform" stem cells

    • Last Update: 2021-03-08
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    U.S. scientists used "gene scissors" to edit the genomes of laboratory mouse cells, successfully transforming skin cells into stem cells, opening a new path for the cultivation of induced erythrogenic stem cells.
    induced erythmatic stem cells are "reprogrammed" to mature cells and have the potential to differentiate into multiple cells, like embryonic stem cells, that can be used to repair damaged tissues and organs. "Gene Scissors" refers to CRISPR gene editing technology, which allows you to pinpoint the location of a string of code in the genome and delete or modify it as if you were editing an article on a computer.
    researchers have found that using "gene scissors" to modify the genome allows skin cells to be reprogrammed into stem cells, the Gladstone Institute said in a press release. The paper is published in a new issue of the
    Journal.
    cell has a complete genome of the organism, and its identity and function depend on which genes are working. In skin cells, genes associated with skin function are turned on and other genes are turned off. To turn it into a stem cell, you need to turn off the skin-related genes and turn on the genes associated with stem cell function.
    in previous studies, several proteins called transcription factors have been used to adjust the genome code reading process and change the workings of genes; This is the first time that stem cells have been grown by directly modifying the genome.
    researchers selected two genes, Oct4 and Sox2, which are essential for stem cell erythration properties, which are expressed only in stem cells and can turn on other genes associated with stem cell function and turn off genes that are not related to their function. The experiment found that activating either of the two genes triggered the reprogramming of the cells so that they "transform" to induce erythmatic stem cells, and that activation required only one modification of the gene code.
    researchers say the direct genome modification method will not only make it easier to grow induced omnic stem cells, but may also be used in the future to directly transform skin cells into heart muscle cells, brain cells and other cells. (Source: Xinhua News Agency)
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