Genetically engineered bacteria - E. coli (E.coli)

Especially for infants and young animals (birds), often causing severe diarrhea and sepsis, it is a common proto-nuclear organism, according to different biological characteristics of pathogenic E. coli into five categories: pathogenic E. coli (EPEC), E. coli (ETEC), E. coli invasive E. coli (EIEC), E. coli (EHEC), E. coli (EAEC).

E. coli (Escherichia coli, E.coli) Gram-negative shortella, size 0.5×1 to 3 microns. Around the whip hair, can move, no spores.

can ferment a variety of sugars to produce acid, gas, is the normal habitat bacteria in the human and animal intestines, the baby is born with breastfeeding into the intestines, with lifelong companionship, its metabolic activity can inhibit the breakdown of the intestinesprotein < a href "> microorganisms" growth, reduce the harm to the human body of protein decomposition products, but also synthesizevitaminsB and K, as well as sterilized E. coli.

does not cause disease under normal living conditions. But entering the gallbladder, bladder, etc. can cause inflammation. It reproduces in large numbers in the intestines, accounting for one-third of the dry weight of feces. Anaerobic bacteria. In cases of poor sanitation, feces is often scattered around the environment. If the bacteria are detected in water and food, it can be considered an indicator of fecal contamination, which may lead to the presence of intestinal pathogens.

, the number of E. coli groups (or E. coli values) is often used as a hygienic standard for drinking water and food (or medicine). (National regulations, the number of E. coli per liter of drinking water should not exceed 3) E. coliantigen composition is complex, can be divided into fungal antigen (O), whiplash antigen (H) and surface antigen (K), the latter has the ability to resist body devouring and anti-complement.

According to the difference of bacterial antigen, E. coli can be divided into more than 150 types, of which 16 serotypes are pathogenic E. coli, often causing epidemic infant abdominal leakage and adult ribitis.

E. coli is an important material for the study of microbial genetics, such as limited transductivity was found in 1954 in the E. coli K12 strain. Lederberg's experiments with two strains of E. coli's nutritional defects laid the foundation for the study of bacterial bonding methods, as well as the study of the gene" project.