Genomic rearrangement system applied to synthetic chromosomes of yeast accelerates the evolution of yeast strains

The British journal Nature Communication on the 22nd released the Sc2.0 (eukaryotic yeast artificial genome synthesis) international cooperation program of a series of new results: multinational scientists to the genome rearrangement system (SCRaMbLE) applied to the synthetic chromosomes of yeast, accelerating the evolution of yeast strainsThese latest advances in synthetic biotechnology will not only advance the process of human drug synthesis, but will further strengthen our ability to regulate and control life processesbrewery yeast is the first eukaryotic organism to be sequenced by the whole genome, but it needs to be modified to produce specific products or endure harsh industrial conditionsThe so-called Genome Rearrangement System (SCRaMbLE) is designed to create a large amount of genetic diversity by re-arranging genes on chromosomesThe resulting strains can then be screened according to desired goals, such as improved product synthesisFor haplise yeast, removing key genes may kill potentially prolific strainsto solve this problem, the team at NYU Langone Medical Center cross-breeding yeast containing synthetic chromosomes with wild-type brewery yeast or singular yeast (S.paradoxus)The resulting diphons are stronger than the monopys strain and can grow at 42 degrees C and in high caffeine conditionsIn another study, the Imperial College of Technology team applied the SCRaMbLE system to a yeast strain that carries a fully synthesized chromosome V to improve drug synthesis, allowing the yeast strain to metabolize another source of sugarThe researchers added the biosynthetic pathway of penicillin to the yeast and processed the yeast genome using the SCRaMbLE system, eventually increasing its productivity by three times as much as in the pastThey also promoted the growth of yeast strains using xylitol, which is widely found in plants, through the SCRaMbLE system2012, China and the United States jointly promoted the Sc2.0 International Cooperation Program, which by Chinese scientists to synthesize 4 of the 16 brewery yeast chromosomes, accounting for 66.7% of the internationally completed numberA collection of papers published by Nature Communications is the result of an experimental review of the redesign of the yeast genome, with accompanying commentary confirming the potential applications and implications of this advance in synthetic biology, biotechnology, and genomic cognition