Get a flu shot to protect people with diabetes

People with diabetes are at increased risk of complications, hospitalization, and death following influenza.
The prevalence of diabetes among Chinese residents has risen to 11.
2%1
.

In addition to hundreds of millions of diabetic patients, China also has a huge high-risk group of diabetes
.

As the world's largest diabetes country, China's diabetic population faces a high risk of infection in addition to the threat of complications
.

Diabetic patients are prone to co-infection.
Diabetes is prone to various infections.
Bacterial infection is the most common.
Fungal and viral infections are also prone to occur in diabetic patients with poor blood sugar control
.

Diabetes complicated by infection can create a vicious cycle in which infection leads to unmanageable hyperglycemia, which further exacerbates infection
.

Infection can induce acute complications of diabetes and is one of the important causes of death in diabetes 2
.

  Diabetic patients are at increased risk of complications, hospitalization, and death following influenza.
A prospective case-control study in South Korea included 123 influenza cases enrolled in the Hospital Influenza Morbidity and Mortality (HIMM) Surveillance System from October 2011 to May 2012.
Adult Hospitalized Patients, to investigate the clinical course and outcomes of adult hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed seasonal influenza
.

The results showed that the risk of complications (including dysfunction of organs other than the upper respiratory tract such as the lower respiratory tract, heart, kidneys, brain, and muscles) after influenza was 3.
63 times higher than that of the non-diabetic population (OR: 3.
63; 95% CI: 1.
15-11.
51; P=0.
02)3
.

A retrospective study in the Netherlands analyzed the risk of influenza, pneumonia, and death among diabetic patients in all patients hospitalized for diabetes in the first 13 weeks of each year between 1976 and 1979 from the Dutch National Medical Registry
.

The results showed that in influenza epidemic years, the risk of hospitalization after influenza in diabetic patients was 6.
2 times that of non-diabetic people of the same sex and age4
.

A Canadian study included 1479 influenza-confirmed hospitalized patients during the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic to analyze disease characteristics and clinical outcomes after influenza infection in these patients
.

The results showed that the risk of ICU admission and death after influenza infection was 2.
3 times (RR: 2.
3; 95%CI: 1.
7-3.
0) and 2.
7 times (RR: 2.
7; 95%CI: 1.
5-4.
7) and 2.
7 times (RR: 2.
7; 95%CI: 1.
5-4.
7) in the non-diabetic population5
.

  Immunization can effectively prevent the occurrence of infection, thereby contributing to better blood sugar control, good blood sugar control, strengthening self-hygiene and necessary immunization can effectively prevent the occurrence of serious infection to a certain extent 2
.

Immunization can effectively prevent infection, thereby avoiding the occurrence of uncontrollable hyperglycemia caused by infection
.

 Clinical research shows that influenza vaccination can reduce the risk of complications, hospitalization and death in patients with diabetes.
A nested case-control study in the Netherlands selected 9238 adults with diabetes during the influenza A epidemic season from 1999 to 2000, and selected 192 patients as The experimental group was randomly matched with 1561 controls
.

141 patients in the experimental group received influenza vaccine, and 1339 patients in the control group received influenza vaccine to evaluate the protective efficacy of influenza vaccine on diabetic patients
.

RESULTS: Influenza vaccination reduced the risk of complications (including influenza, pneumonia, other acute respiratory disease, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, stroke, hospitalization or all-cause death due to dysglycaemia) among diabetic patients by 56% , the risk of hospitalization decreased by 54%, and the risk of death decreased by 58%
.

A meta-analysis showed that the protective effect of influenza vaccination against all-cause hospitalization was 58% in patients with diabetes aged 18-64 years; The protective effect of death is 38%-56%7,8
.

Benefits of Influenza Vaccination for Patients with Diabetes 6 Authoritative guidelines in the field of diabetes unanimously recommend that all diabetic patients ≥6 months of age should receive the influenza vaccine every year.
Influenza vaccine-related guidelines also unanimously recommend that patients with diabetes ≥6 months of age receive the influenza vaccine every year.
Influenza seriously harms diabetes.
The health of patients, and getting the flu vaccine can bring many benefits to people with diabetes
.

Therefore, diabetic patients should be vaccinated against influenza in a timely manner to support their health as soon as possible! References: 1.
Yongze Li, et al.
Prevalence of diabetes recorded in mainland China using 2018 diagnostic criteria from the American Diabetes Association: national cross sectional study.
BMJ.
2020 Apr 28;369:m997.
2.
Chinese Medical Association Diabetes Branch.
Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in China (2020 Edition).
Chinese Journal of Diabetes.
2021;13(4):317-411.
3.
Hong KW, et al.
Clinical courses and outcomes of hospitalized adult patients with seasonal influenza in Korea, 2011- 2012: Hospital-based Influenza Morbidity & Mortality (HIMM) surveillance.
J Infect Chemother.
2014;20:9e14.
4.
Bouter KP, et al.
Effect of epidemic influenza on ketoacidosis, pneumonia and death in diabetes mellitus: a hospital register survey of 1976-1979 in The Netherlands.
Diabetes Res Clin Pract.
1991;12(1):61-8.
5.
Campbell A, et al.
Risk of severe outcomes among patients admitted to hospital with pandemic (H1N1) influenza.
CMAJ.

.

The information contained in this article should not be used as a substitute for medical advice from a healthcare professional
.

Approval number: MAT-CN-2200764Expiration Date:1/21/2023*The copyright of this article belongs to the original author, if you need to reprint, please contact the original author for authorization