Gut: Lack of immunoglobulin A will cause intestinal inflammation in mice!

IgA is abundant in the small intestine (the small intestine is composed of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum (left) ) , and it helps protect the body from harmful microorganisms
.

People do not produce IgA are more likely to suffer from inflammatory bowel disease, allergies or auto immune disease, or recurrent infection

IgA is abundant in the small intestine (the small intestine is composed of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum (left) ) , and it helps protect the body from harmful microorganisms

However, attempts to explore the link between IgA and disease in the laboratory have been hampered by conflicting results.

 To solve this problem , Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) researcher recent " Gut Gut " published a study on , they found, IgA deficiency can lead to destruction of the balance of the intestinal ecosystem, so that a large amount of ileal inflammation

In this study , the researchers used the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system to generate various IgA mutant mouse strains , and studied the effects of IgA on the intestinal tract by generating mouse models of IgA deficiency
.

The researchers then analyzed the IgA-deficient mice to determineIgA intestinal health, inflammation and intestinal microbiota (living in our digestive influence tract microorganisms) of and tried to elucidate the mechanism of IgA in intestinal homeostasis

In this study , the researchers used the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system to generate various IgA mutant mouse strains , and studied the effects of IgA on the intestinal tract by generating mouse models of IgA deficiency

The researchers obtained two strains, one containing <50 base pair deletions in the cytoplasmic region of the IgA allele (IgA tail mutant; IgA tm/tm ), and the other lacking the most constant region of the IgH α chain, which resulted in Insufficient IgA production (IgA-/-) .
 

The results of the study found thatthe small intestine and ileum of IgA-deficient mice have spontaneous inflammation, and the activation of immune cells is enhanced, in which the lamina propria CD4 + T cells are significantly increased; the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including the production of IFN-γ and IL-17

 

The small intestine consists of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (left)
.

IgA deficiency can cause distortion of the intestinal microbiota, especially in the ileum.
T cells secrete inflammatory cytokines, leading to inflammation of the ileum (right)

The small intestine consists of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (left)

Research results show that IgA plays a protective role in the intestine by maintaining a healthy balance of intestinal microbes and preventing pathological inflammation

Given the IgA deficiency is Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis such as ulcerative colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, inflammatory bowel disease known risk factors, this new mouse model may be useful in future studies of these inflammatory conditions

references:

 Takashi Nagaishi et al, Immunoglobulin A–specific deficiency induces spontaneous inflammation specifically in the ileum,Gut(2021).

 Takashi Nagaishi et al, Immunoglobulin A--specific deficiency induces spontaneous inflammation specifically in the ileum,Gut(2021).

 

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