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halide
The trihalides of arsenic, antimony and bismuth are easily hydrolyzed, and the hydrolysis capacity is AsCl 3 >SbCl 3 >BiCl 3.
As the radius of M(Ⅲ) increases in turn, the ability to bind OH - decreases
.
AsCl .
BiCl 3 +H 2 O=BiOCl↓+2HCI
In order to inhibit hydrolysis, strong acid should be added when preparing Sb(Ⅲ) and Bi(Ⅲ) salt solutions
.
For example, when preparing SbCl 3 solution, add hydrochloric acid, and when preparing Bi(NO 2 ) 3 , add nitric acid
Sulfide
The sulfides of arsenic, antimony and bismuth mainly include yellow As 2 S 3 and As 2 S 5 , orange Sb 2 S 3 and Sb 2 S 5 , and black Bi 2 S 3
.
Since Bi(V) is highly oxidizing, it is difficult to form +5 sulfide with -2 valent sulfur
Acid sulfides As 2 S 3 , As 2 S 5 , Sb 2 S 5 and amphoteric sulfides Sb 2 S 3 are all soluble in Na 2 S and NaOH solutions, while alkaline sulfides Bi 2 S 3 are insoluble in the above solutions
.
The product Na 3 AsS 4 is called sodium thioarsenate , and Na 3 SbS 3 is called sodium thioantimonite, which can be regarded as a product in which the oxygen in the oxo acid salt is replaced by sulfur
.
The reducing properties of As 2 S 3 and Sb 2 S 3 can be oxidized and dissolved in Na 2 S 2 and (NH 4 ) 2 S 2 solutions
.
E.
g
Amphoteric sulfide Sb 2 S .
3 was dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid sulfide of As 2 S .
3 and of As 2 S .
All thiogallate only in a neutral or alkaline medium is present, the reaction occurs with acid releasing H 2 S
.
