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Du Feng, a researcher in the Behavioral Science Key Laboratory of the Institute of Psychology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and other researchers have found that visual cognitive processing and attention are paid to the regulation of the distance between the hand and the stimulus.
for example, attention to disengagement and conversion is slower when the hand is close, greater Simon effect is induced when the hand is near, stimulation near the hand has attention priority, and more cognitive processing is available.
these phenomena are collectively referred to as hand proximity effects.
but so far no research has examined whether the processing of emotional stimulation is regulated by the distance between hand and stimulation.
recent study, Du Feng used behavioral and event-related supernational (ERP) technology to study whether the distance between hands and stimuli regulates the processing of emotional stimuli.
1 requires subjects to react to the color of the picture border.
the results showed that the reaction time of negative images when the hand was close was significantly longer than that of the hand, while the reaction time of the positive and neutral images was not significantly different when the hand was near and far away (Figure 1).
experiment 2 used a new set of emotional stimulation pictures to repeat the results of experiment 1.
these results showed that the processing of negative emotional stimulation was only enhanced when the hands were close, and had no effect on neutral emotional stimulation.
experiment 3 used ERP technology to investigate whether the late positive component (late positive potential, LPP) induced by emotional images was regulated by the distance between the hand and the stimulus.
experiment required the subjects to look at each picture carefully, but did not require any response.
the results showed that the LPP amplitude induced by negative images when the hand was close was significantly larger than that of the hand, while the LPP amplitude induced by the neutral picture was not significantly different when the hand was near the hand (Figure 2).
the results further indicate that the processing of negative stimuli is only enhanced when the hand is close.
the study shows that the distance between the hand and the stimulus regulates the processing of negative emotional stimuli, thus providing new evidence for the hand-to-hand effect.
addition, the study suggests that not all stimuli can be processed more closely, perhaps only those that pose a threat to individuals and have biological evolutionary significance.
this may be because the closer a threatening stimulus is to the hand, the more likely it is to cause harm to the individual, so the individual needs to call in more psychological resources to respond to these threat stimuli.
the research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31470982) and the Institute of Psychology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y4CX033008).
findings have been published in Cognition.
: Du, F., Wang, X., Abrams, R.A., and Zhang, K. (2017). Emotional processing is enhanced in peri-hand space. Cognition, 165, 39-44.