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    Home > Food News > Nutrition News > Having a baby too late?

    Having a baby too late?

    • Last Update: 2021-08-08
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    Assisted reproductive technology (including human assisted reproductive technology and human sperm bank) refers to the use of medical technology and methods to artificially manipulate gametes, zygotes, and embryos to achieve the purpose of conception.


    Among them, in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer technology and its various derivative technologies (In vitro fertilization, IVF) have attracted much attention in recent years (the name is too long to remember the series)


    The past and present of "test-tube baby"?

    The world's first test-tube baby was born in 1978, and since then a new era in the field of reproductive medicine has been opened


    IVF does not really mean that babies grow up in test tubes


    Classification of IVF technology

    technology

    principle

    The first generation of IVF

    In vitro fertilization - embryo transfer ( IVF-ET )

    Refers to the technique of placing sperm and eggs outside the body, using various techniques to fertilize the eggs, culturing and developing into embryos and then transferring them to the uterus for implantation, developing into fetuses until delivery

    Second-generation IVF

    Intracytoplasmic sperm injection - embryo transfer ( ICI-ET )

    Refers to the injection of sperm into egg cells by microinjection, other processes are the same as IVF-ET

    Third-generation IVF

    Preimplantation embryo genetic diagnosis technology ( PGT )

    Before embryo implantation, the genetic material of the embryo is taken for analysis, and healthy embryos are screened for transfer

    Classification of third-generation IVF

    New name

    Old name

    PGT-A

    Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidies

    Detection of chromosomal aneuploidy of preimplantation embryos

    PGS

    Preimplantation Genetic Screening

    Preimplantation embryo genetic screening

    PGT-M

    Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Monogenic

    Preimplantation embryo single gene disease detection

    PGD

    P reimplantation Genetic Diagnosis

    Preimplantation embryo genetic diagnosis

    PGT-SR

    Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Chromosomal Structural Rearrangements

    Detection of abnormal chromosomal structure of preimplantation embryos

    Why choose PGT-A?

    Although the test tube baby technology has brought hope to infertile couples, the abnormal number of embryonic chromosomes occurs more frequently in conventional in vitro fertilization, and the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in the embryos of older women is higher


    PGT-A technology can detect chromosome aneuploidy and chromosome copy number variation on pre-implantation embryo cells, and select embryos with normal chromosome number, which can effectively improve the success rate of in vitro fertilization and help the popularization and application of assisted reproductive technology


    PGT-A research method

    In the past few years, PGT-A analysis was mainly carried out through fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technology and comparative genomic hybridization chip (aCGH) technology


    One of the difficulties in PGT-A research is to choose the appropriate single-cell whole-genome amplification technology

    When conducting PGT-A research based on NGS technology, since the DNA in each embryonic cell is very small (picogram level), which is far from reaching the sample volume required for sequencing, it is necessary to perform whole-genome amplification of the DNA in a single cell first (Whole genome amplification, WGA), and this process must avoid sample loss and contamination as much as possible, and ensure the coverage and uniformity of amplification as much as possible.


    Takara is committed to providing support for scientific research through excellent technology.


    How does PicoPLEX technology carry out PGT-A research correctly and efficiently

    • Easy to operate, avoid the loss of precious samples

    The entire experimental process is "feeling like flying" (see the figure below).


    • Cool "quasi-linear pre-amplification + hairpin structure" blessing to ensure the uniformity of amplification

    After cell lysis, DNA is used as a template to pre-amplify using a quasi-linear amplification method, and a hairpin structure that cannot be further amplified is formed at the end of each cycle.


    • Can be used for high-quality chromosome variation (CNV) analysis

    After using a single blastomere biopsy sample for PicoPLEX WGA Kit expansion and labeling, hybridization with 24 sure array, the result clearly shows CNV (above)


    • Case public: PicoPLEX has excellent performance when conducting PGT research

    The team of Vendrell [2] from Sistemas Genómicos Ltd.


    Expansion: Non-invasive preimplantation aneuploidy gene detection (niPGT-A)

    Although embryo biopsy is considered a relatively safe method, other less invasive techniques have also received attention recently


    The Jacqueline team from the University of Southern California [3] used whole-genome amplification of cfDNA extracted from waste embryo culture medium (SEM) to analyze the aneuploidy of embryonic chromosomes and verify the non-invasive preimplantation genetic detection of aneuploidy.


    Reference information and literature sources

    1.


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