Helicobacter pylori urea breath test, how to choose carbon 13 and carbon 14?

Helicobacter pylori , referred to as Hp , Helicobacter pylori, habitually known as Helicobacter pylori , H.

Helicobacter pylori , referred to as Hp , Helicobacter pylori, habitually known as Helicobacter pylori , H.

Since 1983 , scientists have successfully isolated Helicobacter pylori from gastric mucosa biopsies of patients with chronic active gastritis for the first time, and it is currently the only bacteria that can survive in the strong acid environment of the stomach

Since 1983 , scientists have successfully isolated Helicobacter pylori from gastric mucosa biopsies of patients with chronic active gastritis for the first time, and it is currently the only bacteria that can survive in the strong acid environment of the stomach

Many studies have shown that the specific manifestations of complications such as gastritis, ulcers, and gastric cancer caused by Helicobacter pylori infection can also cause duodenal ulcers, gastrointestinal polyps, and colorectal cancer , resulting in constipation, diarrhea, and weight loss .

Image: Diseases caused by Helicobacter pylori infection

Screening methods for Helicobacter pylori mainly include invasive and non-invasive tests

Screening methods for Helicobacter pylori mainly include invasive and non-invasive tests

Among them, the urea breath test ( UBT ) is the most commonly used non-invasive method to detect Helicobacter pylori, including 13 urea breath test ( ^{13 13} C-UBT ) and carbon 14 urea breath test ( ^{14 14} C-UBT ) , this method has the advantages of relatively high detection accuracy and specificity, convenient operation, and is not affected by the patchy distribution of Helicobacter pylori in the stomach.

So, what are the differences between ^{13 13} C-UBT and ^{14 14} C-UBT , and how to choose in clinical practice? This article is compiled and summarized to share with fellow students

1.

Generally speaking, there is little bacterial reproduction in the stomach and no urease activity, while Helicobacter pylori is rich in urease, which can decompose endogenous and exogenous urea into NH _{3 3} and CO _{2 2} , and then enter into The blood circulates and is excreted by the lungs

Therefore, after oral administration of a certain dose of isotope-labeled urea, the presence or absence of Helicobacter pylori infection can be determined by measuring the change of CO2 labeled with the isotope ^{13 13} C or ^{14 14} C in the exhaled breath .

2.

There are currently two tracers for breath testing, ^{13 13} C- urea and ^{14 14} C- urea

^{13 13} C-UBT was detected and analyzed by mass spectrometry, and its determination value was collected from two breath samples before and after taking the drug for comparative measurement

The higher the dosage of 13 13 C-urea, the higher the ^{detection accuracy} of ^{13 13} C-UBT , but the corresponding cost will increase .

3, ¹³ C-UBT and ¹⁴ C-UBT indications 3, ^{13 13} C-UBT and ^{14 14} C-UBT indications

^{The scope of clinical application of 13} C-UBT includes re-examination after anti-Helicobacter pylori treatment ; those with a history of peptic ulcer but unknown Helicobacter pylori status and those under 45 years old with dyspepsia
.

^{The scope of clinical application of 13 13} C-UBT includes re-examination after anti-Helicobacter pylori treatment ; patients with a history of peptic ulcer digestion , but the status of Helicobacter pylori is unknown, and those under 45 years old who have dyspepsia
.

¹⁴ C-UBT is suitable for: 1 ) indigestion initial diagnosis and follow-up ; 2 ) gastroduodenal ulcer, chronic active gastritis, antral gastritis ; 3 ) lymphoma associated with lymphoid tissue, etc.
requiring eradication of Helicobacter pylori 4 ) Patients with gastric cancer prevention or family history of gastric cancer ; 5 ) Patients with gastric discomfort during gastroscopy ; 6 ) Patients with gastric discomfort who are unwilling to undergo gastroscopy ; 7 ) Long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs drug person
.

^{14 14} C-UBT is suitable for: 1 ) indigestion initial diagnosis and follow-up ; 2 ) gastroduodenal ulcer, chronic active gastritis, antral gastritis ; 3 ) lymphoma associated with lymphoid tissue, etc.
requiring eradication of helicobacter pylorus 4 ) Prevention of gastric cancer or those with a family history of gastric cancer ; 5 ) Patients with stomach discomfort during gastroscopy ; 6 ) Patients who are unwilling to undergo gastroscopy but have stomach discomfort ; 7 ) Long-term use of non-steroidal body anti-inflammatory drugs .

Therefore, to detect Helicobacter pylori, whether to choose ¹³ C-UBT or ¹⁴ C-UBT , the doctor can choose according to the patient's situation
.
There is little difference between the two urea breath tests, except in pregnant women, lactating women, and children
.

Therefore, to detect Helicobacter pylori, whether to choose ^{13 13} C-UBT or ^{14 14} C-UBT , doctors can choose according to the patient's situation
.
There is little difference between the two urea breath tests, except in pregnant women, lactating women, and children
.

4.
Precautions for urea breath test

4.
Precautions for urea breath test 4.
Precautions for urea breath test

UBT is the detection of Helicobacter pylori and the monitoring of curative effect after radical treatment.
It is widely used in clinical practice
.
However, the efficacy of its detection is still affected by many clinical factors, such as drug use, detection equipment and detection reagents, examiner's operation, diet, and disease
.

UBT is the detection of Helicobacter pylori and the monitoring of curative effect after radical treatment.
It is widely used in clinical practice
.
However, the efficacy of its detection is still affected by many clinical factors, such as drug use, detection equipment and detection reagents, examiner's operation, diet, and disease
.

Therefore, these influences should be avoided in the clinical application process, and the examination should be made more accurate as much as possible to improve the accuracy of diagnosis
and better serve the clinical guidance of treatment .

Therefore, these influences should be avoided in the clinical application process, and the examination should be made more accurate as much as possible to improve the accuracy of diagnosis
and better serve the clinical guidance of treatment .
diagnosis

References

References

1.
Digestive Disease Branch of Chinese Medical Association , Digestive Endoscopy Branch of Chinese Medical Association .
Expert advice on quality control of 13C urea breath test [J] .
Chinese Journal of Digestive Endoscopy , 2021, 38(3):4.

1.
Digestive Disease Branch of Chinese Medical Association , Digestive Endoscopy Branch of Chinese Medical Association .
Expert advice on quality control of 13C urea breath test [J] .
Chinese Journal of Digestive Endoscopy , 2021, 38(3):4.
1.
Zhonghua Gastroenterology Branch of Medical Association , Digestive Endoscopy Branch of Chinese Medical Association .
Expert advice on quality control of 13C urea breath test [J] .
Chinese Journal of Digestive Endoscopy , 2021, 38(3):4.

2.
National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases ( Shanghai ), National Alliance of Early Cancer Prevention and Control Centers of Digestive Tract , Helicobacter pylori and Peptic Ulcer Group of Digestive Disease Branch of Chinese Medical Association , etc.
Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese households Expert consensus on prevention and control and management (2021 )[J].
Chinese Journal of Digestive Medicine , 2021, 41(4):13.

2.
National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases ( Shanghai ), National Alliance of Early Cancer Prevention and Control Centers of Digestive Tract , Helicobacter pylori and Peptic Ulcer Group of Digestive Disease Branch of Chinese Medical Association , etc.
Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese households Expert consensus on prevention and control and management (2021 )[J].
Chinese Journal of Digestive Diseases , 2021, 41(4):13.
2.
National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases ( Shanghai ), National Alliance of Early Cancer Prevention and Treatment Centers of Digestive Tract , Helicobacter pylori and peptic ulcer group of Chinese Medical Association Gastroenterology Branch , et al .
Expert consensus management on prevention, control and management of Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese households (2021 ) [J].
Chinese Journal of Digestive Medicine , 2021, 41( 4):13.

3.
Liu Yi , Zhong Liang , Sun Dayu .
Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection ——^13C- urea breath test [J] .
International Journal of Digestive Diseases , 2003, 23(002):85-87.

3.
Liu Yi , Zhong Liang , Sun Dayu .
Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection - ^13C- urea breath test [J].
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3.
Liu Yi , Zhong Liang , Sun Dayu .
Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection ——^13C- urea breath test [J] .
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4.
Huang Hao , Cheng Zhongwei.
Principle and clinical application of 13C breath test [J] .
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4.
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Principle and clinical application of 13 C breath test [J] .
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Principle and clinical application of 13 C breath test [J] .
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5.
Bai Tao , Hou Xiaohua .
Influencing factors of Helicobacter pylori infection detected by urea breath test [J].
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5.
Bai Tao , Hou Xiaohua .
Influencing factors of Helicobacter pylori infection detected by urea breath test [J].
Journal of Clinical Digestive Diseases , 2020, 32(3): 6.
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Bai Tao , Hou Xiaohua .
Urea breath test to detect pylori Influencing factors of Helicobacter infection [J].
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