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Engineering surface treatment developed by MIT can reduce waste and improve the efficiency of many processes.
the top of the gel-like yield stress fluid as a plug without shearing in a tube with a new surface coating. At the bottom, you see the same fluid shearing as it flows through the uncooled tube, with some of the fluid glued to the tube and some of it continuing to flow
. The images were provided by researchers.
team at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has overcome the problem of removing ketchup from bottles and has now solved a new consumer and manufacturing problem: how to make thicker materials slide without sticking or deforming. Smooth coatings developed by the team, called liquid impregnated surfaces, can have many advantages, including eliminating production waste caused by materials glued to the inside of the processing equipment.
reduce friction by almost 100%
these surfaces are based on the principles originally developed to help food, cosmetics and other viscous liquids slide out of containers. The new paper explains the basic design principles that allow gel-like fluids to reduce friction by almost 100%. This material is everywhere. Unlike other fluids, such as water and oil, these materials do not start flowing on their own even when the container is upside down.
the start-up flow requires input energy, such as extrusion containers. By using a new coating, in some cases, the resistance to the material can be reduced by 100% - the equivalent of "infinite sliding," says one of the researchers.
As with earlier versions of smooth surfaces, the new process begins by crafting a surface that is textured on a nanoscale, either by etching a series of tightly spaced columns or walls on the surface, or by mechanically grinding grooves or pits. The resulting texture has such tiny features that capillary action can act as a fixation of liquids (e.g. lubricants) to the surface. As a result, any material in the container with this lining is essentially only in contact with the lubrication fluid and slides directly rather than adheres to the solid container wall.
