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    Home > Active Ingredient News > Immunology News > How do people with lupus eat?

    How do people with lupus eat?

    • Last Update: 2021-03-24
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    *Only for medical professionals to read what I learned and learned~ Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune inflammatory connective tissue disease, mainly in young women, men, the elderly and children can also get it, but the incidence is Lower.

    The disease can affect multiple systems throughout the body, such as the kidneys, heart, chest, etc.
    , making many SLE patients suffer.

    In addition, some of the more common hot topics have also attracted much attention.
    Let’s summarize today~ 1 Hair dyeing can cause SLE? Everyone knows that SLE is most likely to occur in women of childbearing age.
    The so-called "people do not love beauty, the heavens are extinct".
    Every day, I see young ladies on the street with red, yellow, green, blue, and purple hair.
    It is inevitable.
    Will not be heartbroken.

    At the same time, I am worried that dyeing hair will cause autoimmune diseases? The currently used hair dye is an oxidative hair dye, also known as a permanent hair dye.

    The main components of permanent hair dyes are oxidation dyes (aniline dyes), coupling agents (aromatic amine derivatives) and oxidizing agents (hydrogen peroxide).
    Hydrogen peroxide oxidizes the oxidation dyes to dye intermediates, and then in the coupling agent Coupling reaction occurs under the action to produce color and dye hair [1].

    Studies claim that aromatic amines and hydrazine drugs can induce lupus-like syndrome, and permanent hair dyes containing aromatic amines can trigger SLE.
    Regarding this view, some foreign studies have not yet reached a unified result.

    A case-control study involving 74 patients found that the use of hair dyes can increase the risk of SLE (OR=1.
    6, 95% Cl 0.
    77-3.
    51) [2].

    In 1986, Freni-Titulaer et al.
    [3] collected 44 cases of connective tissue disease patients and 88 healthy controls in Georgia, USA.
    The study pointed out that the use of hair dye is related to the incidence of connective tissue disease. Cooper et al.
    [4] observed the serum immunofluorescence antinuclear antibody titers of healthy people (90% women) exposed to various environmental factors (silica, mercury, sunlight, insecticides, hair dyes), and the results showed that using Hair dye has a weak effect on the production of anti-nuclear antibodies in healthy people (0R=1.
    4).

    SLE is characterized by the production of a variety of autoantibodies in the body, and the serum antinuclear antibodies have been positive before the typical clinical manifestations.
    Therefore, if antinuclear antibodies appear in the body of healthy people who have used hair dyes, the risk of developing SLE in the future may be possible Will be larger than other healthy people.

    However, later studies on the risk of hair dye and SLE have yielded negative results.

    A 1992 article pointed out that the use of hair dye has no effect on the incidence and disease activity of SLE [5].

    Another follow-up study of 91 patients with SLE and 22 patients with cutaneous lupus in Spain concluded that no matter what type of hair dye is used, it will not trigger clinical activity or worsen the prognosis of the disease.
    The use of hair dye is not SLE.
    And contraindications for patients with skin lupus [6].

    The latest prospective study tracked 120,000 female nurses in the United States for 36 years.

    The results indicate that there may be no or low correlation between the use of permanent hair dye and most severe illnesses.

    But hair dye may increase the risk of serious illness in some women.

    Although it is more convincing to think that there is no obvious correlation between hair dye and the incidence and disease activity of SLE, we cannot ignore the research that has concluded that there is a correlation between the two, and a small number of people do appear lupus-like after using hair dye.
    Symptoms or allergies.

    To sum up, dyeing hair is risky, but it is not impossible for SLE patients to want to be "willful" once in a while.

    But the choice of hair coloring products is very important.

    In order to reduce costs, some "black heart" barbershops use "three no products", which can cause great harm to the scalp and body, and the gain is not worth the loss! Beauty is important, but body is more important! Therefore, do not choose the cheap and inferior products when you are hairdressing, you must choose qualified products that meet the national standards.

    Of course, it is best not to dye your hair! 2How do SLE patients eat? Many patients get sick, the first thing they worry about is whether they need to be taboo? What can you eat? Because the most feared of SLE patients is infection, if you eat inappropriately, you may have a stomachache in mild cases, and severe infections may be induced in severe cases! I remember that when the editor’s internship, whenever a holiday approaches, the director repeatedly told patients not to eat blindly when they go home, wash the fruits, and scald them with boiling water.
    However, there are always disobedient patients, go home immediately.
    Diarrhea.

    So how should patients with SLE eat? In general, the principles to follow are: low-salt, low-fat, low-sugar, and high-quality protein diet.

    Low-salt: Patients who use glucocorticoids or who have kidney damage can easily lead to water and sodium retention and cause edema, so a low-salt diet is required.

    Low-fat: SLE patients have little activity and gastrointestinal tract dysfunction.
    They should eat light and easy-to-digest foods, not greasy foods with more fat.

    Low sugar: Because SLE patients take glucocorticoids for a long time, it is easy to cause steroid diabetes and Cushing's syndrome, so it is necessary to properly control the appetite and eat less foods with high sugar content.

    High-quality protein diet: The closer the amino acid pattern of food protein is to the amino acid pattern of human protein, the easier this protein is absorbed and utilized by the human body, which is called high-quality protein.

    For example: ① Animal protein, such as chicken, fish, shrimp, pork, beef, the meat of these animals contains high-quality protein.

    ②The protein of beans, such as soybeans, mung beans, red beans, black beans, and beans are also foods that contain high-quality protein.

    ③ Egg protein, such as eggs, duck eggs, and quail eggs.
    Animal eggs are also an important source of high-quality protein.

    ④Dairy protein, such as milk and goat milk are also rich in high-quality protein.

    SLE patients with kidney damage often lose a large amount of protein from the urine, which is easy to cause hypoalbuminemia, so sufficient high-quality protein must be supplemented.

    In patients with 3SLE, should hormones be eaten in the morning or at night? Hormones are the cornerstone of the treatment of SLE and play an important role in SLE induction and maintenance of remission [7].
    They all know that hormones are important during the treatment of SLE, but because some patients use large amounts of hormones and often forget to take them, etc.
    Hormones are not eaten so regularly, so should the hormones be eaten in the morning or at night? Is it better to eat it all at once or eat it separately? Eat in the morning! Because the human body secretes hormones to maintain physiological functions, and the secretion of its own hormones depends on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which is affected by pharmacokinetics, the amount of one meal will have less impact on this axis than divided doses.
    , And the side effects are also smaller, which is conducive to the hormone reduction work in the future; and after taking hormones, you may experience hyperactivity, so it is better to take it in the morning than before going to bed at night.

    4 What is the significance of abnormal complement? Complement C3 is an important component for activating the classical pathway of immune complement.
    Its lysis and activation can initiate and amplify the complement cascade; Complement C4 is the second complement molecule activated by the classical pathway of the immune system, which can mediate the follow-up cascade of complement [ 8].

    Anti-C1q antibody is an antibody related to the initiating molecule of the classical pathway of immune complement.
    It plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of SLE.
    It can combine with immune complexes to strengthen the activation of complement, enhance the inflammatory response, and cause kidney damage [9].

    A variety of autoantibodies in patients with SLE stimulate the body to produce an immune response, and a large amount of IgG is secreted, so that immune complexes are deposited in tissues and organs, activate complement, and make complement depleted.

    Studies have shown that serum IgG, IgA, and IgM in SLE patients are higher than healthy people, with the highest IgG and the lowest complement C3, which is related to the long-term immune abnormalities in SLE patients [10].

    Especially in the active phase of SLE patients, the increase in IgG and the decrease in complement C3 are particularly obvious [11].

    Some scholars regard high immunoglobulin and low complement as auxiliary indicators for judging the activity of SLE.
    Therefore, IgG and complement C3 have important values ​​in the diagnosis of SLE [12].

    Serum complement C3, complement C4, and anti-C1q antibody levels are closely related to the severity of SLE patients.

    The lower the level of serum complement C3, C4 and the higher the level of anti-C1q antibodies, the more severe the condition of SLE patients.
    This suggests that the detection of serum complement C3, C4, and anti-C1q antibody levels can help evaluate the therapeutic effect and prognosis.

    5What symptoms mean that SLE has recurred? In daily life, SLE patients may relapse due to various reasons, such as various infections, improper use of hormones, ultraviolet radiation, drugs, food, etc.

    Do not wait until you are extremely uncomfortable.
    If you have the following symptoms and abnormal laboratory tests, you should consider the recurrence of the disease: it is more fatigued than usual, and there is no significant improvement after rest.

    Unexplained fever or erythrocyte sedimentation rate increased significantly.

    That is to say, fever cannot be explained by colds, pharynx, lung, urinary system infections, etc.
    , nor is it caused by other diseases.

    Newly-appearing vasculitis, fresh skin lesions, or with rashes on the finger (or toe), other parts, or exacerbation of the original rash; such as cheek erythema, discoid erythema, frostbite-like skin lesions, pleomorphism Erythema-like skin lesions, vasculitis skin lesions, periungual erythema, etc.

    Joint swelling and pain appear; such as pain, redness and swelling in the proximal interphalangeal joints, wrist joints, knees, ankle joints, etc.
    , which may be accompanied by morning stiffness or joint effusion.

    Out of the invention is obvious.

    Fresh mouth and nose ulcers.

    There is pleural fluid or pericardial effusion.

    There is a sudden increase in proteinuria or proteinuria, and red blood cells appear in the urine routine.

    White blood cell or thrombocytopenia or anemia is obvious (the blood test of white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin are below normal levels.

    Neurological symptoms, such as headache, vomiting, and convulsions.

    Can 6SLE patients get the new crown vaccine? The new crown vaccine can be said to be the hottest at present The topic is, according to the latest statistics from Our World in Data, as of February 16, 2021, more than 183 million doses of the new crown vaccine have been vaccinated globally.

    Among them, the United States has the largest number of vaccinations with 55.
    22 million doses, and China ranks second. With so many vaccinations, it makes SLE patients worry.
    Can SLE patients get vaccinated? At present, the new coronavirus vaccine for emergency vaccination in China is an inactivated vaccine.

    The United Kingdom, the United States, and other national societies including Greece recommend that all immunosuppressed patients should be vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2.

    It is safer for people with low immune function to receive inactivated vaccines; patients who receive hormone or immunosuppressive therapy, whose immunity is still normal, and have stable disease are not contraindicated to vaccinate, but the protective antibody titer produced may be lower than that of the general population .

    It is recommended that patients be vaccinated with the inactivated new crown vaccine after consulting a specialist before being vaccinated.

    In theory, patients with SLE can be vaccinated.

    However, it is currently in the period of hormone shock, hormone combined with immunosuppressant induction therapy and acute attack.
    Vaccination is not recommended.
    At present, domestic epidemic prevention and control are better, and self-protection is not too late.
    It is not too late to vaccinate after these treatments are over.
    .

    Can 7SLE patients become pregnant? SLE has the highest incidence in women of childbearing age.
    Due to the extremely high maternal and child morbidity and mortality during pregnancy in SLE patients, it was considered a contraindication for pregnancy in the mid-20th century.

    There is no difference in the fertility of female SLE patients with non-SLE women of the same age [13], and with the medical profession’s annual improvement in the level of diagnosis and treatment of SLE and the strengthening of perinatal management, the maternal and infant outcome of SLE patients with pregnancy It has been greatly improved, and childbearing in SLE patients is no longer a taboo.

    However, for patients with SLE, it is recommended to evaluate the condition of the rheumatology and immunology department before pregnancy.
    The following conditions must be met at the same time to be considered for pregnancy: ①The condition is inactive and stable for at least 6 months; ②The dosage of glucocorticoid is prednisone 15 mg /D (or equivalent dose) or less; ③24h urine protein quantitative less than 0.
    5g; ④No vital organ damage; ⑤Stop immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, tripterygium wilfordii, etc.
    for at least 6 months; ⑥Not taken Drugs that are not allowed to be taken during pregnancy, for patients who have been taking hydroxychloroquine before pregnancy, it is recommended to continue using them during pregnancy. In addition, SLE patients should be closely followed up in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology and High-risk Obstetrics during pregnancy, regular immunological laboratory examinations, and close monitoring of blood pressure, 24h urine protein, liver and kidney function.

    For those with active disease, the drug treatment plan should be adjusted as soon as possible to maintain the stability of the disease, thereby reducing the occurrence of complications such as preeclampsia.

    To sum up, although SLE will affect all aspects of patients' lives, don't worry too much.
    When there is a problem, communicate with the doctor and don't make decisions for granted.
    This is the best for the disease! References: [1] Zhu Huijuan, Zhu Ying.
    Research progress on the safety of hair dye and its detection methods.
    Chinese Journal of Health Inspection, 2006, 16:888-890.
    [2] Hardy CJPalmer BP, Muir KR, et a1.
    Systemic lupus erythe— matosus (SLE) and hair treatment: a large community based case—control study.
    Lupus, 1999, 8 [3] Freni-Titulaer LWJ, Kelley DB, Grow AG, et al.
    Connective tissue disease in southeastern Georgia: a case control study of etiological factors.
    Am J Epidemiol, 1989, 130:404-409.
    [4] Cooper GS, Dooley MA, Treadwell EL, et al.
    Smoking and use of hair treatments in relation to risk of developing systemic lupus erythemat0sus.J Rheumatol, 2001, 28: 2653.
    [5] Petri M, Allhritton J.
    Hair product use in systemic lupus erythe— matosus: a case-control study.
    Arthritis Rheum, 1992, 35: 625-629.
    [6] Jim6nez-Alonso J, Sabio JM, Perez-Alvarez F, et al.
    Hair dye treatment use and clinical couFse in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and cutaneous lupus.Lupus, 2002.
    [7] Luijten RK, Fritsch-Stork RD, Bijlsma JW, et al.
    The use of gucocorticoids in systemic lupus erythematosus.
    After 60 years still more an art than sciencel [J].
    AutoimmunRev, 2013, 12(5):617-628.
    [8] Zhang Shujun.
    The sensitivity and specificity of combined detection of autoantibodies and serum complement C3 and C4 levels in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus[J].
    China Practical Medical Journal, 2018, 45(2): 11-15.
    [9] Pei Quanzheng.
    The diagnostic value of combined detection of serum AnuA, anti-dsDNA antibody, and anti-C1q antibody levels in systemic lupus erythematosus[J].
    Henan Medical Research, 2019, 28(16): 3014-3016.
    [10] Zou Jia, Ye Jianfen.
    Research on the value of anti-ENA antibody detection and humoral immune test in the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus.
    Contemporary Medical Review, 2019, 17(11):187-188.
    [11]Li Xiangying.
    Determination of immunoglobulin and complement in the system Significance in sexual lupus erythematosus.
    International Journal of Laboratory Medicine, 2013(2):225-226.
    [12] Zhang Xingzong, Lin Yun, Zou Yingdong.
    Analysis of autoantibody and complement test results in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
    International Journal of Laboratory Medicine, 2017 , 38(23):3354-3356.
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