How harmful is the spread of antibiotics?

What is the impact of environmental antibiotic pollution on human health? Is it harmful to drink water with antibiotic residues? Is it safe to detect meat with antibiotics? From the pharmaceutical field, broad-spectrum (can target the vast majority of bacteria) antibiotics are broadly divided into penicillin, carbide, beta-lactam, amino glycosides, tetrals, large cycloesters, sulfonamides, quinolones and so on.
" different drugs, in the human body or animal body different half-life (drug decay into other substances) is different, to quinolones (such as nofoxhasin, etc.) for example, its half-life is longer, chemical stability in nature is very good.
it takes long enough to degrade into other substances, and if a human long-term low intake of water and meat containing quinolones, the direct result is drug resistance.
," said Xu Jiangping, a member of the Teaching and Science Commission of the Chinese Pharmacological Society and a professor at the School of Pharmacy of Southern Medical University.
problem of human resistance to "quinolone-type drugs" is more common.
e.g., the first generation of quinolone fluoroquinolic acid, has basically been unable to treat bacterial infectious diarrhea, and then such as nofoxa, oxyfluorocarbon, its respiratory and urinary system infection treatment effect is gradually decreasing, this is the performance of drug resistance.
"Guangzhou Institute of Landstrip this study shows that the use of quinolones drugs is still very large, in 2013, for example, the national use of 5440 tons, of which 4427 tons of livestock.
Xu Jiangping said his latest information showed that the Ministry of Agriculture was aware of the dangers of quinolone abuse in the aquaculture industry and was about to decide to stop the use of four types of quinolones in the aquaculture industry.
" other small molecules of antibiotics, its half-life is also very long, chemical stability in nature is very good, long-term micro-intake has a similar lead to drug resistance conclusions.
" should light country report shows that antibiotic use, predicted environmental concentration, surface water environment bacterial resistance rate and hospital bacterial resistance rate is positively related, of which the use of new antibiotics of a shorter age is more significant.
of antibiotics in humans and animals is considered to be the main cause of drug-resistant bacteria.
In our animal feeding cycle, farmers and farmers have been feeding them a small amount of drugs, these drugs are not used to cure diseased animals, but to promote growth, and inhibit the disease caused by close contact with each other's feces, animals eat antibiotics, only a small part of the absorption, most will be excreted with feces.
2013, eight Chinese and U.S. scientists published a study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in which 149 "unique" antibiotic-resistant genes were found in manure in three Chinese commercial pig farms.
Drug-resistant genes can be transmitted to the human body through the environment, eating the meat products of the above-mentioned animals, and some form "superbugs", making it difficult or impossible to treat infections with conventional antibiotics, and the development of new drugs is simply too late to keep up.
threats have been exposed in humans.
In April 2015, Associate Professor Zhou Ying of Fudan University's School of Public Health, after a year, confirmed that nearly 60% of the more than 1,000 school children aged 8 to 11 in Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang had tested one antibiotic, a quarter had detected more than two antibiotics, and some had even six.
The abuse and resistance of antibiotics in animals has become one of the world's major public health problems, with doctors faced with fewer choices and less time to make decisions, often beset by painful choices about how to save patients' lives.
at least 2 million Americans get sick each year, and about 23,000 of them die from antibiotic-resistant infections.
to curb antibiotic contamination is imminent! The report by the Chinese Academy of Sciences is still a static survey of antibiotic contamination in our soil and water, and we call on the state to establish long-term monitoring of antibiotics in tap and surface water and to include them in the monitoring of national water quality standards.
, at the same time, it is more fundamental to transform our agricultural and aqua industry production methods.
the eastern part of the country, especially the Pearl River Delta and the more environmentally fragile Haihe River basin, export-oriented intensive scale aquaculture has led to the production and discharge of tens of thousands of tons of antibiotics each year.
we should not completely reflect on and reform the intensive, industrialized mode of production of aquaculture industry, and find a low-cost ecological breeding road?