How to use stem cell technology to treat eye diseases.

Data show that 90% of the information people receive comes from vision, which is one of the reasons why people are most likely to feel the helplessness of the blind.
", "More than 8 million blind people in China are associated with retinal degenerative diseases, such as retinal pigmentation, who are blind at an average age of 30.
the best of life, but they can't see it and are in desperate need of treatment.
"September 19-20, " the theme of "stem cell and genomics-based regenerative repair and personalized treatment" of the Xiangshan Scientific Conference held, the Army Military Medical University First Affiliated Hospital Professor Yin Zhengqin from the doctor's point of view, think that the most suitable and easier access to clinical treatment is the most urgent task.
stem cell treatment eye disease advantages many "This is before treatment, this is transplanted stem cells a week later, this is..." Yin Zhengqin showed a large number of clinical treatment-related pictures, she said, this is the biggest advantage of ophthalmology research, can clearly see the changes in lesions, as well as the effect of diagnosis and treatment.
"ophthalmology does have an advantage, the structure of the retina is very clear, from the vein membrane to neurons, each layer has a specific stem cell differentiation, each layer layer is a different cell type.
" said Fan Guoping, a professor at the University of California, Los Angeles, that most of the causes of single-gene mutations are caused by gene mutations.
that the eyes are "transparent" in organ structure, pathogenic mechanisms, etc., and scientists do not have to "blind path" to guess what happened to the eye during treatment, the observation method and the problem is "clear and pure."
Fan Guoping says that's why he's been working on stem cells for more than 20 years and eventually moving to ophthalmology research.
another huge advantage is that one part of it has the ability to accept allogeneic stem cells, which Fan calls "relative immune exemptions".
immune response is the stem cell transplant do not want to see, the body will think that this is "not me" and "rise up resistance", the performance of edema, purulent and other symptoms.
and immunity gives great hope for the transplantation of allogeneic cells. In addition, the repair work is in low demand for stem cells for therapeutic use.

, for example, says that the macular is basically hundreds of thousands of cells, and most immunotherapy is the magnitude of billions of cells.
", "these advantages make the field of ophthalmology likely to be a breakthrough in gene therapy, cell therapy."
," Fan said. How
use stem cell technology to treat eye diseases? Stem cells are considered a "seed" that can germinate and grow, but what is often overlooked is that "seeds" are also allowed to survive in the right soil.
"difficult to survive" is an important issue that Liu Weizhi, a professor at Zhongshan University Eye Center, has paid attention to in clinical practice.
" exogenous stem cells enter the body, in fact, to a strange environment, soil and water is difficult to keep them alive.
"In the clinical application of stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells have the most successful experience, an important reason is that the stem cell environment has not changed.
" solid organs would not be so smooth.
animal experiments show that the external stem cells are transferred to the body through vascular injection, lesions local injection and diaphragm transplantation, and the cell survival rate is very low, the integration rate is lower.
" Liu said, due to immune rejection, neural connections difficult to establish and other reasons, some began to effective stem cell transplantation methods will soon fail;
from the accumulation of these research phenomena, Liu realized that it was difficult to replace the original organs in the physical organs "on a different footing".
", we also explore the injection of exgenic stem cells into the lens, hoping to grow a new lens, but what we see is abnormal differentiation, the crystal body is cloudy.
"big incision damage, not as small removal left "fire" "low-level animal organ regeneration ability inspired us."
" Liu said, in fact, some of the adult tissues retain the ability to regenerate the embryo, such as the skin.
ophthalmologists often find that the surrounding bodies of the crystal line can grow a certain amount of transparent tissue, these unformed crystals show that they have the potential for regeneration.
question is, what kind of cells hide their potential? Can you stimulate it, how can you inspire it? After marking and positioning studies, Liu's team found that the potential cells are the epithelial cells at the equatorial part of the crystalline body.
" cataract surgery caused by the damage, just lost a large number of crystalline epithelial stem cells, so it is difficult to regenerate a complete and transparent lens.
," Liu said.
6mm (mm) diameter incision, previously in order to avoid clean cut and then grow cataracts, but also sacrificed the regeneration of "fire".
found the crux, Liu's team developed a new method to reduce the surgical incision to one-sixth of the normal surgical type, and guide the incision from the center of the axis to the edge of the cystic membrane, so that the new lens covers the central area of the field of vision.
clinical studies show that the new method is transparent in the visual axis and clear under the eye of children after surgery.
6 months after surgery, transparent crystals can be observed in situ to regenerate.
non-ethical, immune rejection, tissue-specific, in situ arrangement, easy integration, crystalline in situ regeneration is considered to be "one of the best achievements of regenerative medicine to date" because of its remarkable therapeutic advantages.
to create a "fire of the stars" to create a "Yuyuan" environmental lens in situ regeneration success, in fact, it is difficult to be directly copied by other organs.
if the lesions of the other organs of the body are understood as the enemy's "sweeping" in the body, the faint force left by the "sweep" may be powerless to "rekindle".
"Fire of the Stars" to be the original, the researchers did a lot of research.
input "aid" is one of the methods.
" studies have shown that exogenous stem cells can promote the growth of endogenous stem cells.
" Liu explained that both heart disease and neurological diseases have found that the proliferation of the original cell pool produces new cells and the rebirth of blood vessels and neural networks. According to
Liu Weizhi, the possible mechanisms of exogenous therapy to promote endogenous cell regeneration include simulated cell stress, promotion of cell matter exchange and exosome release.
substance exchange is also one of the important mechanisms for exogenous therapy to promote endogenous cell regeneration.
exogenous cells may not be turning themselves into physical tissues, but urging "indigenous" to grow by secreting substances that stimulate endogenous cells.
it's like not sending troops directly to fight, but sending money, intelligence, and so on.
mind-set "cell soldiers", it is better to find effective elements through basic research, the former in clinical treatment will encounter survival difficulties, rejection reactions, difficult to establish connectivity and other difficulties, the latter not only avoid the previous problems, but also in standard formation, safety effectiveness evaluation, quality control and other aspects of easier operation.
to create a microenvironment to help endogenous stem cells "glow ingons" is also an effective way. Research by liu's team at the
shows that for the reconstruction of transparent corneas, only corneal stem cells were previously transplanted to be difficult to repair, while the combination of proto-body stem cells and base stem cells could be reconstructed.
can be understood as a "move"-style stem cell transplant.
In addition, the application of new biological materials is another effective way to promote endogenous regeneration.
", these materials are mostly biodegradable biological materials, and the structure fully simulates cell stents in tissue organs to provide physical support for the endogenous regeneration of cells.
," Liu said.
transplanted stem cells directly to the damage site, although it seems "short and smooth", but may be because of the simple, "reckless" and ignore the complexity of the stem cells themselves, in the process of stem cell biotechnology to clinical treatment, the urgent need for more wisdom and strategies, to avoid its heterogeneity, lack of stability and other shortcomings, more play the stem cell "smart power."
.