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Is it reasonable to call the environmental protection "one size fits all" and "70% shutdown and ban" hard targets?

 Last Update: 2021-07-05
 Source: Internet
 Author: User

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Since the end of 2015, the central environmental protection inspection team has conducted a full-coverage inspection of the ecological and environmental problems in 31 provinces across the country, and a number of long-standing ecological and environmental problems have been resolved.

In this regard, while maintaining the high pressure of environmental protection inspectors, the Ministry of Environmental Protection (now the Ministry of Ecology and Environment) has proposed that it firmly opposes "one size fits all", scientific environmental protection remediation, and "policies in accordance with local conditions" and "policies in accordance with enterprises" according to specific conditions.

The Central Environmental Protection Supervision Group will also include the “one size fits all” environmental protection as a typical issue of formalism and bureaucracy in the field of ecological and environmental protection.

On the one hand, there is the "biggest environmental protection inspector in history" with the momentum of thunder, and on the other hand, it is the first time to issue a document prohibiting environmental protection from being "one size fits all".

Judging from the practical effects of increasing environmental protection efforts in recent years, it is entirely possible to achieve a win-win situation between environmental protection and economic development.

Top level: Environmental protection and economic development must be grasped

Not only maintain the high pressure of environmental protection inspectors, but also oppose simple and rude "one size fits all"

Never allow normal inactions and random actions during inspections

Recently, the first environmental protection inspection team of the central government discovered that the pollution of a chicken farm near a residential area in Zhengzhou City has not been rectified.
After the official WeChat account of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment exposed it, the chicken farm was rectified overnight.
Visual China

The simple and rude "one size fits all" of some local governments is the most controversial and criticized phenomenon among the environmental protection inspections that have swept the country in the past two years.

In March of this year, at a press conference held at the first session of the 13th National People’s Congress, Minister of Environmental Protection Li Ganjie emphasized that "one size fits all" refers to indiscriminately, regardless of whether it is illegal or legal.
If it is struck down once, it will be shut down.
practice.

Li Ganjie said frankly that in the first four batches of central environmental inspections, similar problems did occur in some places.
After problems occurred, the Ministry of Environmental Protection rectified them in a timely manner.
"We have a very clear attitude and we will never allow this.
In the future, we will not only correct mistakes in time, but also promptly pursue accountability, and we will pursue accountability in a stern and serious manner, and we will find that they will be investigated together.
"

The minister's determination was quickly reflected in this "look back" inspection.
On May 28, just before the first batch of central environmental protection inspectors "looked back" and the inspection team was stationed in various provinces, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment issued the "Prohibition of Environmental Protection "One Size" Work Opinions", aimed at preventing some places from being indiscriminate during the inspection period.
Indiscriminately implement centralized shutdowns, suspensions, and production suspensions.

The "Opinions" require that perfunctory responses such as "all shutdowns" and "stop first, then talk" are strictly prohibited, and simple and rude behaviors such as centralized shutdowns, suspensions of business, and production suspensions are resolutely avoided.

The "Opinions" are particularly clear that for industries or fields that are prone to "one size fits all" environmental protection, such as engineering construction, life service industries, aquaculture, local characteristic industries, industrial parks and enterprises, sand and quarrying, urban management, etc.
Strategies should be implemented when making changes.
"For those who have legal procedures and meet the environmental protection requirements, rectification measures shall not be taken for centralized suspension of production, production and business; for those who have legal procedures but do not meet the environmental protection requirements, targeted rectification measures shall be taken according to specific issues.
"

From May 30, the first batch of central environmental protection inspectors "looks back" and 6 inspection teams have successively stationed in 10 provinces (regions) including Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Henan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, and Ningxia.
, To carry out a one-month inspection work.

The 10 provinces that accepted the "look back" inspection action soon issued documents that clearly prohibit environmental protection from being "one size fits all", and such expressions as "policies must be implemented by enterprises and not be beaten to death with one stick" have all appeared in the documents of each province.

During this period, the government once again emphasized the need to correctly understand the "one size fits all" concept.
On June 29, at the June regular press conference held by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Tian Weiyong, director of the Environmental Supervision Bureau of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said: “If it is a company that violates the law or does not have control facilities, discharges exceeding standards, or has serious environmental pollution, we When launching tough operations, we will strictly rectify in accordance with the law and strictly enforce the law to handle the case.
In particular, the suspension of production and rectification of "scattered and polluted" enterprises cannot be called "one size fits all".
"

Tian Weiyong particularly emphasized that for "one size fits all" problems, as long as they are discovered, they will be dealt with seriously, and normal inactions and random actions during inspections are never allowed.
"It is necessary not only to deal with enterprises, but also to deal with relevant responsible persons of local governments and departments.
"

It is worth mentioning that, in order to avoid the "one size fits all" idea of local inspections, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has especially strengthened the design of relevant systems in the inspection plan.
"Last year, we launched a one-year intensive inspection, which lasted until April this year.
In June, we started a new round of inspections, dispelling the idea of temporarily stopping inspections and waiting for people to leave before resuming production.
" Tian Weiyong said that this year, inspection teams were stationed in counties (cities, districts).
Basically, there are inspection teams in every place.
Temporary suspension of production is no longer feasible.

"If the first round of central environmental protection inspections is regarded as a comprehensive physical examination, diagnosis and treatment of local party committees, governments, and enterprises' ecological and environmental protection work, this'look back' is a're-examination' after'seeing a doctor and taking medicine'.
" Said Liu Changgen, deputy director of the National Environmental Protection Inspectorate Office of the Ministry of Environment.

From the "look back" situation, this round of inspections has achieved remarkable results.
Liu Changgen said that most of the problems pointed out by the inspectors have been rectified or are being resolved.
The rectification of a number of major environmental issues such as serious debts in the construction of sewage pipe networks in Shenzhen, Dongguan and other places has achieved significant results, and the local party committees and governments have greatly improved their awareness of environmental protection responsibility.
.

A set of data may prove the power of "looking back".
As of July 7, 2018, the inspection team had transferred a total of 37,090 cases to the local government, and 28,076 cases had been closed by the local government, of which 22,561 were ordered to rectify, 5,709 were fined, and 511 million were fined; 405 cases were filed for investigation, and 464 people were detained.
, 2819 people were interviewed and 4305 were held accountable.

A normalized inspection and accountability system is taking shape

According to reports, in the second half of this year, the Central Environmental Protection Inspection Team will organize the second batch of "look back" and complete the "look back" of the first round of inspections.

In order to welcome the "look back", many provinces have already carried out the provincial "look back" work of environmental protection inspectors in advance according to the standard of the central environmental protection inspectors "look back".

Since June 20, Hunan has carried out provincial-level environmental protection inspections in 14 cities, prefectures, and some key counties and cities, achieving full coverage of provincial-level environmental protection inspections.

As of July 25, 93.
3% of the 8,924 problems discovered by Sichuan provincial environmental protection inspectors have been rectified.
The environmental protection department of Sichuan Province requires that all departments at all levels in the province adopt the "checklist system + responsibility system" based on the 89 rectification tasks reported by the first round of central environmental protection inspectors to further clarify the responsible unit, responsible person and completion time limit, and strictly rectify the sales The number method, resolutely do not sell the number that does not reach the standard, and the number that rebounds from the problem.

After the first round of inspections has completed the "look back" and full coverage, starting in 2019, the Central Environmental Protection Inspection Team will take three years to complete the second round of inspections in all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities across the country.
Liu Changgen revealed that the relevant departments of the State Council that undertake important ecological and environmental protection responsibilities and relevant centrally managed enterprise groups engaged in industries and industries that have a greater impact on the ecological environment will be included in the second round of inspections and make overall arrangements.

"The first round of inspections can be regarded as a stress test, showing that the impact of increased environmental protection efforts on the economy is acceptable, achieving a win-win situation for environmental protection and the economy.
" said Wu Shunze, director of the Environmental and Economic Policy Research Center of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
The second round of inspections In areas where work is lagging behind, rectification is ineffective, and the environmental quality is obviously degraded, more deep-seated problems will be touched and high-quality economic development will be forced.

It is foreseeable that under the continued high pressure of environmental protection, it is not easy to ban "one size fits all".
At the fourth meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th Jiangsu Provincial People’s Congress held on July 26, in response to the Jiangsu Provincial People’s Congress deputies to the problem of remediation of livestock and poultry pollution, Wang Tianqi, director of the Jiangsu Provincial Environmental Protection Department, said frankly that there is indeed certainty in some parts of Jiangsu.
Inaccurate policies, simple and rude “one size fits all” in some places, even farms in non-prohibited breeding areas have been demolished, and some towns have inappropriately proposed to build “no pig towns” or “no pigs”.
Chicken Town".
In Wang Tianqi's view, some places are located in environmentally sensitive areas, perhaps near water sources, because they are worried about the impact on important water bodies, which expands the scope of the forbidden areas; in some places, in order to avoid the risk of environmental responsibility, they are afraid of being asked.
It is better to make mistakes than to miss the responsibility, leading to a "one size fits all".

In addition, Liu Changgen also pointed out that the problems of formalism and bureaucracy, "superficial rectification", "pretend rectification", and "perfunctory rectification" in the process of local inspection and rectification are still very common.

Li Bu, a researcher at the Research Institute of Market Economy of the Development Research Center of the State Council, said in an interview: "Many pollution problems are'old problems'.
The rectification should take full account of its arduousness and complexity, and analyze the specific conditions.
If the pollution is serious and not serious, Compliance companies must be resolutely shut down, and those companies that can achieve emission standards in a timely manner should be guided.
In addition, they must play a'combination punch', and do a good job of supervision and supervision before, during and after the event.
"

Place: How to establish operational standards?

Is the "70% shutdown and banning" hard target consistent?

Environmental protection governance needs to be precise

——Neither let it go, nor overcorrect

As the central government's environmental protection inspections have increased, some local governments have taken the initiative to increase their efforts and arrange special rectification work for environmental protection.

In Dongguan, a major manufacturing town and the former "world factory", long before this round of environmental protection inspectors "looked back", the remediation work was fully quantified and arranged in a special action.

On May 17, the Dongguan Municipal Office of Atmospheric Administration issued the "Notice on Carrying out a Special Action to Clean Up "Scattered Pollution" Enterprises", and carried out a special action to clean up "scattered and polluted" enterprises throughout the city.
It is reported that 5,000 "scattered and polluted" enterprises will be eliminated and rectified by the end of this year.

On August 19, 2017, some members of the seventh group of enhanced inspections (tenth round) of the Ministry of Environmental Protection inspected emissions at Cangzhou Dahua TDI Co.
, Ltd.
, and the "scattered pollution" remediation was one of the key contents of the enhanced inspection.

According to local media reports, Dongguan’s “plan” divides the city’s towns and streets (parks) into 5 task levels, each of which corresponds to a type of town and street.
The elimination and remediation tasks for the first to fifth levels are 350 and 250 respectively.
Home, 150, 100, and 50, of which the number of closures and bans shall not be less than 70% of the number of tasks.

Take Zhongtang Town as an example.
The town belongs to the fourth tier of this remediation task, that is, the elimination of 100 remediation tasks.
At present, Zhongtang Town has found 1187 "scattered and polluted" enterprises, 607 closed and banned enterprises, and 79 rectified and transformed enterprises.
The completion rate of the total number of tasks is 686%, and the completion rate of the number of closed and banned tasks is 867.
14%.

According to the data released by the Dongguan Environmental Protection Bureau, as of June 20, the city of Dongguan has completed the elimination and remediation of 2,595 "scattered and polluted" enterprises, of which 2,026 were shut down and banned, and 569 were renovated.

Take a glimpse and see the whole leopard.
In this round of environmental protection rectification, Guangdong, as a major manufacturing province, has been punished greatly.
Among the top ten cities in the country for the number of administrative punishment cases from January to June disclosed by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, four cities in Guangdong (Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan, and Foshan) are on the list.

From a broader perspective, from January to June, 72,192 penalties were issued in environmental administrative penalties across the country, with a fine of 5.
85 billion yuan.
As of the end of June, all prefectures and cities across the country have applied the "Environmental Protection Law" supporting measures to investigate and deal with cases.

The data shows the precise positioning of environmental protection remediation, and also reflects the pains that must be experienced in the current manufacturing transformation and development.
In recent years, well-known manufacturing companies such as Stora Enso, Zhenglong Group, and Tetra Pak finally chose to close their factories in mainland China due to environmental reasons.

On April 20, Guangdong Zhongshan issued the "Notice on Expanding the Range of High-Pollution Fuel Prohibition Zones".
High-polluting fuel facilities need to be completely dismantled or upgraded before June 30, 2019.
The picture shows that on May 23, a coal-fired boiler previously used by a company in Shenwan Town, Zhongshan has been out of service.
Visual China

In June 2016, Suzhou Zixing Paper announced the suspension of production and dissolution, and did not move to Wujiang in accordance with the government's plan.
Suzhou Zixing is a high-end cultural paper production enterprise invested and controlled by Stora Enso, a Fortune 500 company.
The company announced that in the past 20 years, the location of the factory has gradually developed into a core commercial and residential area in Suzhou High-tech Zone, making it increasingly difficult to maintain the normal operation of large enterprises.

With the quiet departure of the former big taxpayer, the complaints from surrounding residents disappeared.

In the environment of environmental protection upgrades, the former stars of investment promotion have turned into a "benchmark" for pollution control because they cannot keep up with environmental protection requirements.
This is a common experience of this type of enterprise.
However, in the throes of industrial upgrading, there are also concealed regrets left by some local governments due to the lack of long-term planning in the process of urban development.

An employee of Foshan Tetra Pak left a message on the Internet when he left: “Does this area have factories or houses? Who cares only for temporary benefits? Now, we are about to be unemployed.
It can be said that we have no source of income.
.
.
Please the society pay more attention to this group of people and think about it in another way.

The game between government and enterprises will continue in the escalating environmental storm.
Many people in the environmental protection industry said that the future environmental pollution control standards will only be stricter, and relevant companies should not take a chance and make rectifications in advance.

For governments at all levels, "Rome was not built in a day", and pollution control tests their determination, patience and wisdom.
Li Bu, a researcher at the Research Institute of Market Economy of the Development Research Center of the State Council, believes that environmental protection rectification cannot be left alone or overcorrected.
An operational standard should be set and rectification should be carried out in a gradual manner.
More radical solutions and more precise efforts are what is necessary to control environmental pollution and welcome environmental protection inspections.

"Taking the satisfaction of the people as the governance standard"

——The original intention is good, but it is impossible to quantify and implement

After the high-pressure situation of environmental protection inspectors reaches the grassroots, how is it reflected and implemented?

In the interview, I learned that since the launch of environmental protection inspections, most companies have deeply realized the importance and necessity of environmental protection.
Almost all companies interviewed said that pollution control is a great thing that benefits the country and the people.
Agree with both hands.

However, the subjective overall situation can hardly conceal the reality that many small and medium-sized enterprises are facing life and death under objective conditions.

Liu Lang, the person in charge of a household building materials company in Shanghai, told the media that there are a large number of small, medium and micro enterprises and home workshops in the household building materials industry, which cannot meet the hardware requirements of the national environmental assessment work in a short time, such as "the protective distance of the plant is 50 meters away.
" According to the "one size fits all" standard, these companies are destined to fail to meet the requirements in the short term, and will continue to suspend production and even face the risk of bankruptcy.
"The large-scale enterprises alone cannot support the home building materials industry.
Once the industry chain is broken, the competitive advantages of the home building materials industry will be lost.
Without these small and micro supporting enterprises, the large and medium-sized enterprises in the industry chain will be unsustainable.
.
"

I heard many similar cases in the interview.
A food processing company in Jiangsu has been operating since 1997 and has obtained state-owned construction land use certificates, business licenses, and tax registration certificates in accordance with the law.
Because the environmental impact assessment procedures have expired and have not been extended, the relevant administrative departments have recently imposed compulsory water and power cut-off measures on the company.
, The economic loss of the enterprise after the suspension of production is huge.
"Regardless of whether the enterprise is dead or alive, the local government is reluctant to talk to the enterprise about rectification and compensation even if the task is completed even if the purpose of the shutdown is achieved.
" The person in charge of the enterprise said.

It is also controversial.
In many places, there have been phenomena such as "cannot buy tofu" and "cannot buy naan" because of environmental protection.
Liu Lang’s signature on WeChat seems to express the voice of the group of SME owners: “We support environmental protection, we are not the enemy, what we need is to guide rectification and correct implementation!”

It is not just small and medium-sized enterprises like Liu Lang who need to implement policies according to the enterprise.
For the heavy-polluting iron and steel industry, the "2017 Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Surrounding Area Air Pollution Prevention and Control Work Plan" clearly states that steel companies should implement differentiated production suspension and restriction measures in accordance with the company's environmental performance during the heating season.

"China has companies such as Baosteel and Taiyuan Iron and Steel that have reached the world's advanced level, and Handan Iron and Steel has ultra-low emission levels for sintering flue gas desulfurization and denitrification, but there are also a number of backward companies with serious pollution and low environmental awareness.
" Metallurgical Industry Planning and Research Institute Dean Li Xinchuang believes that it is precisely because of such huge differences that policies such as production suspension and capacity reduction cannot be "one size fits all" and must be "differentiated.
" Li Xinchuang believes that this year's differentiated environmental protection policies will be further deepened, forcing iron and steel companies with backward environmental protection levels to withdraw from the market.

The policy orientation of the "last mile" is still the focus of consideration by the grassroots government and the enterprises involved.

For example, many governments have made requirements such as "taking people's satisfaction as the governance standard" in their notices regarding the suspension of production of enterprises.

A person in charge of an enterprise believes that "'people's satisfaction' is a flexible standard that cannot be quantified and measured.
There are no clear governance and acceptance parameters.
This may lead to no clear judgment standards from the formulation of the plan to the acceptance of the project.
, Making it difficult to implement.
"

In addition, many interviewees also reported that the letters and calls of environmental protection inspectors often "smelt", and there are even malicious reports among peers.
It is recommended that relevant parties conduct accurate verification from the source of the reported information.

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