Is PD-1 blocking therapy useful? Japanese scientists have proposed a new indicator of efficacy

Immune escape is one of the key processes involved in tumor development, which is achieved by inducing and collecting multiple immunosuppressive cells and improving multiple immunosuppressive molecules.
, blocking this immunosuppression can restore the body's potential anti-tumor immune response.
studies have shown that programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blocking therapy has clinical efficacy and can be quantified by PD-1-CD8-T cells in tumor micro-environment (TME).
August 31, 2020, the journal Nature-Immunology published the latest results of the Hiroyoshi Nishikawa Research Group of the Department of Medical Research, Nagoya University, Japan, entitled "The PD-1 Expressionbalance effector and regulatory cell T-predicts the clinical efficacyof PD-1 blockaderapies".
study, it is suggested that the PD-1 expression balance between effect and regulatory T-cells (Treg) can predict the clinical efficacy of PD-1 blocking therapy.
DOI:10.1038/s41590-020-0769-3 Researchers tested TILs using fluid cytometics (FCM) and found that patients treated with PD-1 blocking therapy had higher PD-1-CD8-T cell immersion in TME.
, CD8-T cells with high expression PD-1 have antigen peptides with high affinity.
contrary, PD-1 high expression in TME in patients with ineffective PD-1 blocking therapy was found in eTreg cells.
FCM analysis TILs used anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies to block PD-1, the TCR and CD28 signals of CD8-T cells and Treg cells were enhanced, and the immunosuppression of PD-1-eTreg cells was enhanced.
, the researchers believe that PD-1-Treg cells in TME are involved in resistance to PD-1 blocking therapy.
PD-1 monoclonal antibody therapy enhances the immune response researchers further suggest that the PD-1 expression balance of T-cells in TME is related to the body's response to PD-1 blocking, and that PD-1 monoantigen therapy can improve the survival rate of immunodeficiency mice with hormone tumors.
researchers analyzed T-cells in TME in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, stomach cancer, and malignant melanoma and found significant differences in the ratio of PD-1-CD8-T cells/PD-1-Treg cells in patients with PD-1 mono-antitherapy effective (R) and ineffective (NR).
of T-cell PD-1 expression in patients with TME, treatment with PD-1 monoclonal antibodies can improve TCR and CD28 signal release and reactivate PD-1-Treg cells.
explains the role of PD-1-Treg cells in PD-1 blocking therapy.
, the researchers believe that the PD-1 expression of PD-1-CD8-T cells/PD-1-Treg cells can predict the efficacy of PD-1 blocking therapy.
addition, PD-1-Treg cells in TILs can be used as targets for clinical treatment, and further studies may be available for clinical application.
references: s1. The PD-1 expression balance between effector and regulatory T cells predicts theclinical efficacy of PD-1 blockade therapies.