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    Home > J. Am. Chem. SOC.: try green tea extract to prevent Alzheimer's disease

    J. Am. Chem. SOC.: try green tea extract to prevent Alzheimer's disease

    • Last Update: 2017-10-13
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with occult onset Clinically, dementia is characterized by memory impairment, aphasia, loss of use, loss of recognition, impairment of visuospatial skills, executive dysfunction, personality and behavior changes The brain of normal people (left) and the brain of Alzheimer's patients (right) (source: Wikipedia) as a common major disease, the specific causes of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are not clear in the medical community at present The most popular hypothesis is that β - amyloid protein (a β) is pathogenic The toxicity of these β - amyloid proteins (a β) leads to neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment A large number of β - amyloid protein (a β) deposition in the brain is one of its characteristic pathological changes A β is a kind of protein that can be produced continuously in the brain under normal conditions, but the body can prevent the accumulation and deposition of a β through effective clearance measures In the pathological process of AD, a β production and elimination of imbalance, too much a β aggregation into soluble oligomers, resulting in neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment and dementia It has been found that the over expression of β - amyloid precursor protein (APP) leads to the increase of a β production, which is the root cause of a few early onset familial AD In recent years, people begin to realize that the decrease of a β clearance in the brain is closely related to the occurrence of most sporadic late onset AD, and the mechanism of a β clearance has become an important research field, in which "enzymatic degradation" and "receptor-mediated pathway" are two more active research hot spots Green tea is recognized as having many positive effects on human health Recently, Giuseppe melacini et al From the Department of chemical biology, McMaster University, Canada, showed through clinical evidence that EGCG, an extract of green tea, can interfere with the accumulation of toxic substances, thus inhibiting the cognitive decline of Alzheimer's disease patients Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) can not only inhibit the neurotoxicity caused by a β aggregation, but also block the "receptor mediated pathway", which is stable and non-toxic EGCG can be directly combined with a β fibril and oligomer to prevent polypeptide from further transforming into toxic oligomer, and effectively transformed into smaller and less toxic non pathway assembly Based on ten years of NMR technology, Dr Professor, an important participant in this study, said: "at the molecular level, we believe that EGCG can wrap on the surface of a β toxic oligomer, thus changing the way it grows and interacts with healthy cells." The schematic diagram of a β peptide aggregation pathway and its remodeling by EGCG (source: Journal of the American Chemical Society) researchers further explored the affinity of EGCG to a β oligomer through saturated transfer difference spectrum (STD), saturated transfer reference (STR) and nuclear magnetic spectrum The results showed that EGCG pair always maintained a specific binding activity to a β 1 oligomer The preliminary study on affinity maturation of scFv laid a good foundation for the follow-up Despite decades of research, the causes of Alzheimer's are still not fully understood and treatment options are limited According to the latest statistics, if there is no breakthrough in the development of new drugs, by 2050, the number of AD patients in the world will exceed 100 million, greatly increasing the demand for effective drugs and prevention methods Biochemist Giuseppe melacini said: "we know that there is no cure for Alzheimer's disease after symptoms appear, so we hope to take interventions as soon as possible This means that we can use green tea extracts or derivatives for prevention 15 to 25 years before symptoms appear " Next, the researchers plan to modify EGCG so that they can be effectively used as food additives Because EGCG is unstable at room temperature, it is difficult to transport to human body, especially brain Food additives can be used as therapy or adjuvant therapy When you are young, you can use it to prevent dementia in old age In addition, you should strengthen physical exercise and maintain healthy living habits Paper link: http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jacs.7b05012
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