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Certain patient groups, such as solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR), have a significantly increased risk of skin cancer.
For example, solid organ transplant recipients are 20 to 250 times more likely to develop squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is 6 to 16 times more likely than the latter, and melanoma is 1.
4 to 8 times more likely than the latter, and tends to develop more aggressive SCC
.
In addition, SOR has fewer treatment options after the development of advanced or metastatic SCC, because immunotherapy is associated with an increased risk of organ rejection, which makes prevention more critical
Capecitabine is considered a potential chemopreventive therapy that can reduce the occurrence of actinic keratosis (AKs), thereby reducing the incidence of SCC in SOTR
.
Capecitabine is an oral prodrug that is converted into the anti-metabolic drug fluorouracil through a 3-step enzymatic process.
method
To conduct this systematic review, a computer search of all articles published in PubMed and Embase between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2019 in December 2019, the search term capecitabinepin, each term includes: photochemical Keratosis, actinic keratosis, squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma, and limit the language types of the article to: actinic keratosis, actinic keratosis, squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma
.
Select capecitabine to treat and prevent actinic keratosis (AKs), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) articles
Research result
Sixteen articles met the inclusion criteria, of which 8 cases reported the inflammation of AKs in solid organ cancer patients (2 cases of breast cancer and 6 cases of colorectal cancer) treated with capecitabine
.
One case report and four patients in one case series investigated the use of capecitabine in the treatment of advanced or extensive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
in conclusion
Although currently available data are limited, capecitabine may be related to the reduction in the incidence of SCC in SOTR and the possible reduction in AK and BCC
.
Adverse reactions may limit the time for some patients to receive capecitabine
However, capecitabine may be related to the decrease in the incidence of SCC in SOTR and the possible decrease in AK and BCC
Literature source: Schauder DM, Kim J, Nijhawan RI, Evaluation of the Use of Capecitabine for the Treatment and Prevention of Actinic Keratoses, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, and Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review.
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