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Importance: The incidence of infection during SARS-CoV-2 viral waves, factors associated with infection, and the persistence of antibody responses to infection in Canadian adults remain undocumented
.
.
Objective: To assess the cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first two waves of viral infection in Canada by measuring adult seroprevalence
.
Design, settings and participants: Beating the Coronavirus Action Research conducted two rounds of online surveys on COVID-19 experience and analyzed immunoglobulin G levels based on dried blood spots collected by participants to assess first and second waves in Canada Cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection during the virus
.
A sample of 19,994 Canadian adults (age? 18) was recruited from regular members of the public polling organization Angus Reid Forum
Main outcomes and measures: SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G seropositivity (using chemiluminescence) and association with reporting of COVID-19 symptoms for key geographic and demographic variables
.
RESULTS: Among the 19,994 adults who completed the online questionnaire in Phase 1, the mean age (SD) was 50.
9 years (15.
4 years), and 10,522 (51.
9%) were female; 2,948 (14.
5%) had Self-identified racial and ethnic minority status, 1578 participants (8.
2%) were self-identified Aboriginal Canadians
.
Of the participants in the first phase, 8967 were tested for DBS
Figure 1.
Comparison of Weekly Averages of COVID-19 Confirmed Cases and Vaccinations between Study Phases 1 to 3 and Canada from March 1, 2020 to December 1, 2021
Comparison of Weekly Averages of COVID-19 Confirmed Cases and Vaccinations between Study Phases 1 to 3 and Canada from March 1, 2020 to December 1, 2021
Table 1.
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Canada's first and second waves and factors associated with second wave infection
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Canada's first and second waves and factors associated with second wave infection
Table 2.
Factors associated with second-stage seropositive, asymptomatic, and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection
Factors associated with second-stage seropositive, asymptomatic, and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection
Figure 2.
Monthly Persistence of Immunoglobulin G Antibodies Between Phase I and Phase II Sample Collection
Monthly Persistence of Immunoglobulin G Antibodies Between Phase I and Phase II Sample Collection
Table 3.
Age distribution of first and second waves of SARS-CoV-2 infection, death, and infection mortality in Canada
Age distribution of first and second waves of SARS-CoV-2 infection, death, and infection mortality in Canada
Conclusions: The Action Against Coronavirus Study found that the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Canada was modest until March 2021 and that this incidence was below the level of population immunity required to substantially reduce virus transmission
.
Ongoing vaccination efforts remain central to reducing virus transmission and mortality
The Action Against Coronavirus Study found that until March 2021, the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Canada was modest and below the level of population immunity needed to substantially reduce the spread of the virus
Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity During the First and Second Viral Waves in 2020 and 2021 Among Canadian Adults.
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