JAMA Sub-Journal: What are the characteristics of nearly 50 immune-mediated diseases related to cancer risk?

Inflammation plays an important role in carcinogenesis
.

Recently, a large cohort study published in JAMA Oncology added new evidence for the association between immune-mediated diseases and cancer risk.
This study came from a team led by scholars from Harvard University
.

research shows:

48 common autoimmune diseases and other immune-mediated diseases are related to the overall cancer risk;

Individual immune-mediated diseases are mainly related to cancers of specific organs, but this correlation has also been observed in some cancers of proximal and distal organs or different systems
.

This prospective cohort study used data from the British Biobank Cohort Study to assess the prospective association between 48 immune-mediated diseases and cancer risk
.

The study included 478,000 participants (mean [SD] age, 56.
4 [8.
1] years; 54% female)
.

Studies have shown that many immune-mediated diseases are significantly associated with increased cancer risk in affected organs:

In patients with asthma, the risk of lung cancer increased by 34% (HR=1.
34; 95% CI: 1.
14-1.
56),

In patients with celiac disease, the risk of small bowel cancer increases nearly 6 times (HR=6.
89; 95% CI: 2.
18-21.
75),

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, the risk of blood system cancer increases by about 6 times (HR=6.
94; 95% CI: 3.
94-12.
25),

With primary biliary cholangitis, the risk of hepatobiliary cancer increases 41 times (HR=42.
12; 95% CI: 20.
76-85.
44),

With autoimmune hepatitis, the risk of hepatobiliary cancer increases by more than 20 times (HR=21.
26; 95% CI: 6.
79-66.
61)
.

The study also found that 13 immune-mediated diseases are related to similar organs (eg, Crohn’s disease/hepatobiliary cancer) or distant organs (eg, autoimmune hepatitis/tongue cancer) or different systems (eg idiopathic thrombocytopenia) Purpura/hepatobiliary cancer) is associated with an increased risk of cancer
.

The researchers said, “The results of this study support the role of local and systemic immune regulation in cancer development, and may provide theoretical support for future research and inspire new ideas for research to further clarify the role of immune regulation and microbes in cancer progression.

.

In a review article at the same time, Professor Douglas Stewart of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Clinical Genetics Branch pointed out that the "most interesting finding" of the study was about cancers that occurred far away from specific organs, giving people a deep understanding of immune mediation.
Leading diseases can also increase the risk of cancer in remote organs
.

He emphasized that the results of this study are worthy of attention
.

Reference

[1] He MM, Lo CH, Wang K, PolychronidisG, Wang L, Zhong R, Knudsen MD, Fang Z, Song M.

[2] Mike Bassett.