JAMA: The protective effect of vaccines against key mutations of the new coronavirus is much higher than that of natural infections

More than a year since the outbreak of the new crown, the virus has undergone many mutations, and some of the key mutant strains are of particular concern due to their greater transmission.

Recently, the Journal of the American Medical Association published an important study, and the results of the neutralizing antibody response to four new coronavirus mutant strains showed that natural infection and vaccination can help prevent infection of the four virus strains, but the mRNA-1273 new coronavirus vaccine The serum neutralization activity brought by vaccination is much higher than the protection brought by previous infections.

The research was led by a virologist at Emory University.

20 adult patients diagnosed with new crown infection by nucleic acid testing, and were hospitalized, and samples were taken 5-19 days before the onset; the average age was 56.

20 adult patients diagnosed with new crown infection by nucleic acid testing, and are in the recovery period, sampling is 32-94 days before the onset; the average age is 45 years old, and males account for 55%;

Fourteen subjects in the Phase 1 clinical trial of Moderna's new crown vaccine mRNA-1273 were sampled 14 days after receiving two doses of 100-μg vaccine; the age range was 18-55 years old, and 43% were men.

The research is aimed at 4 virus strains, representing the virus strains and emerging mutant strains in the early stage of the epidemic:

The A.

B.

B.

N501Y, a non-naturally circulating virus strain, was modified from the laboratory and contains mutations in the key receptor binding domain of the S protein of multiple emerging mutant strains.

The research team conducted a live virus neutralization experiment (FRNT) to detect neutralizing antibodies in the samples-these antibodies can prevent the new coronavirus from infecting cells.

The index for evaluating the effectiveness of neutralizing antibodies is FRNT50 geometric mean titer (GMT).

experiment result shows:

Among the 20 acutely infected persons, the FRNT50 titers of serum antibodies against A.

Among the 20 patients who recovered from infection, the FRNT50 titers of serum antibodies against A.

Among 14 mRNA-1273 vaccinators, the FRNT50 titers of serum antibodies against A.

These data means that, including B.

At the same time, as other mutations appear, we should continue to monitor.

Reference

[1] Edara VV, et al.
, (2021).
Neutralizing Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants After Infection and Vaccination.
JAMA, DOI: 10.
1001/jama.
2021.
4388

[2] Vaccine-induced antibodies still potent against more contagious SARS-CoV-2 variant.
Retrieved March 29, 2021, from https://medicalxpress.
com/news/2021-03-vaccine-induced-antibodies-potent-contagious- sars-cov-.
html