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For patients who need a kidney transplant, the waiting time can take up to six years.
"Our goal is to develop better tools to monitor patients without the need for unnecessary biopsies.
Before this study, when doctors suspected that the transplant recipient had rejected the donor organ, they ordered a biopsy or blood test.
In this study, researchers collected urine samples from 175 patients who had undergone a kidney biopsy recommended by a doctor.
"These findings suggest that exosomes isolated from urine samples may be viable biomarkers of kidney transplant rejection," Azzi said.
This study is different from previous attempts to characterize urine mRNA because clinicians isolated exosomes instead of ordinary urine cells.
Azzi said: "Our research shows that if urine is obtained from patients at different time points and mRNA is measured from microvesicles, it shows that it will not disappear over time, so that it can accurately assess whether the transplant has been rejected.
Information source: Novel urine test developed to diagnose human kidney transplant rejection
Original source: Rania El Fekih et al, Discovery and Validation of a Urinary Exosome mRNA Signature for the Diagnosis of Human Kidney Transplant Rejection, Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2021).