JCEM: Causal relationship between age at diagnosis of diabetes and cardiovascular outcomes

Whether there is a causal relationship between diabetes diagnosed at different ages and cardiovascular disease (CVDs) is unclear
.

Recently, a research article published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, an authoritative journal in the field of endocrine and metabolic diseases, researchers conducted a Mendelian randomization analysis of two samples to investigate the causal relationship
between the age of diabetes diagnosis and 5 types of specific cardiovascular disease and 11 cardiometabolic characteristics.

Based on the GWAS of the UK Biobank (24,986 cases/187,130 controls), the researchers selected 208 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for diabetes mellitus, and 3, 21, 57 and 14 SNPs diagnosed with diabetes under the <age of 50, 50-60, 60-70 and under 70 years of age, respectively, and extracted from the corresponding European descent GWASs to compare with stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, Genetic association between atrial fibrillation and cardiovascular mortality, as well as blood pressure, fat measurement, lipids, and apolipoprotein
.
The researchers used the antivariance weighting method as the main analysis method, supplemented by several sensitivity analyses
.

Diabetes diagnosed in all four age groups was associated with an increased risk of stroke (5% to 8%) and myocardial infarction (8% to 10%), increased systolic blood pressure (0.
56 to 0.
94 mmHg) and waist-to-hip ratio (0.
003 to 0.
004), decreased body mass index (0.
31 to 0.
42 kg/m2), waist circumference (0.
68 to 0.
99 cm), and hip circumference (0.
57 to 0.
80 cm).

。 There was a causal relationship
between diabetes diagnosed at certain ages and an increased risk of heart failure (4%) and cardiovascular mortality (8%), elevated diastolic blood pressure (0.
20 mmHg) and triglycerides (0.
06 SD), and decreased HDL cholesterol (0.
02 mmol/L).
The effect of genetically determined diabetes on CVD subtypes and cardiometabolic characteristics was comparable, with corresponding 95% confidence intervals overlapping largely across the four age groups
.

Thus, the results of the study provide new evidence that genetically determined subgroups of diabetes have similar causal effects on cardiovascular disease and cardiometabolic risk
at age of diagnosis.

Original source:

Chaojie Ye,et al.
Causal associations between age at diagnosis of diabetes and cardiovascular outcomes: a Mendelian randomization study.
JCEM.
2022.
https://academic.
oup.
com/jcem/advance-article/doi/10.
1210/clinem/dgac617/6770121.