echemi logo
Product
  • Product
  • Supplier
  • Inquiry
    Home > Active Ingredient News > Endocrine System > 【JCEM】Continuation of the chapter! Scientists have mapped out the biochemical action network of diabetes and opened up a new world of diabetes treatment!

    【JCEM】Continuation of the chapter! Scientists have mapped out the biochemical action network of diabetes and opened up a new world of diabetes treatment!

    • Last Update: 2022-11-05
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
    Search more information of high quality chemicals, good prices and reliable suppliers, visit www.echemi.com

    This article is the original of Translational Medicine Network, please indicate the source of reprinting

    Written by Sophia

    A hundred years ago, diabetes was incurable
    .
    Since then, scientists have learned a lot about the effects of diabetes on the body and potential treatments
    .
    Abnormal biosynthesis and secretion of the insulin precursor proinsulin occurs in
    type I and type II diabetes.
    Inflammatory cytokines have been implicated in islet stress and dysfunction in both forms of diabetes, but the mechanism remains unclear
    .

    A team of foreign scientists led a biochemical interaction network to help special cells called islet cells in the pancreas produce insulin, thereby revealing the origin of diabetes and revealing new targets
    for future treatments.
    The latest publication was published in
    the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.
    Studies have found that inflammation disrupts these interactions, triggering a snowball effect of cellular stress that damages islets and makes it harder for the body to produce insulin
    .

    https: //doi.
    org/10.
    1210/clinem/dgac493

    Research background

     01 

    Diabetes, which affects about 400,000 people worldwide, is a chronic condition that occurs when
    the body is unable to produce insulin (type 1) or use insulin effectively (type 2).
    In 2019, the World Health Organization ranked diabetes as the ninth leading cause of
    death worldwide.
    While diabetes can be controlled with lifestyle changes and medications, there is no cure
    for either disease.

    The researchers focused on the biochemical processes involved in insulin formation in pancreatic islets, specifically a protein, proinsulin, which is converted into insulin through a complex series of reactions with other proteins that fold proinsulin into specific three-dimensional shapes
    .
    To study how inflammation, a hallmark of diabetes, affects the body's ability to convert proinsulin to insulin, the researchers chose isolated human islets, but because they are so fragile, they are difficult to study
    .

    "Isolated human pancreatic cells have a short shelf life, and we need to ship them directly to the lab instead of simply shipping them," Itkin-Ansari says.

    Research progress

     02

    The researchers treated human islets
    with inflammatory compounds that mimic the types of chronic inflammation experienced by diabetics.
    It was found that even short-term inflammation can have a significant impact on proinsulin's interaction with proteins, allowing proteins to fold properly as necessary
    for insulin production.

    "In inflammatory conditions common to both diabetes, proinsulin does not fold into the correct three-dimensional structure, which leads to cellular stress and reduced insulin," Itkin-Ansari said
    .
    "The remaining islet cells have to work harder to produce enough insulin to meet the body's needs
    .
    This creates a vicious cycle that may explain how diabetes originates and how it worsens
    over time.

    The researchers' next step is to study islet cells from diabetics to see this vicious cycle as it occurs
    over a long period of time.

    Research implications

     03 

    Together, these data reveal the mechanisms by
    which diabetes-related cytokine dysregulation β cell function.
    The study is the first to show that even short-term exposure to inflammation reshapes the interaction
    of proinsulin with key companions and regulators of secretory pathways.

    Itkin-Ansari said: "Each new study we complete brings us one step closer to discovering the next big breakthrough in diabetes treatment
    .

    Resources:

    https://medicalxpress.
    com/news/2022-10-circuitry-diabetes.
    html

    https://doi.
    org/10.
    1210/clinem/dgac493

    Note: This article is intended to introduce the progress of medical research and cannot be used as a reference
    for treatment options.
    If you need health guidance, please go to a regular hospital
    .

    Recommendations, live streams/events

    November 15-16 09:00-17:30 Chongqing

    The first Southwest Single Cell Omics Technology Application Forum

    Scan the QR code to participate for free

    November 24-27 09:00-17:30 Shanghai

    The 4th Shanghai International Cancer Congress

    Scan the code to participate

    This article is an English version of an article which is originally in the Chinese language on echemi.com and is provided for information purposes only. This website makes no representation or warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, completeness ownership or reliability of the article or any translations thereof. If you have any concerns or complaints relating to the article, please send an email, providing a detailed description of the concern or complaint, to service@echemi.com. A staff member will contact you within 5 working days. Once verified, infringing content will be removed immediately.

    Contact Us

    The source of this page with content of products and services is from Internet, which doesn't represent ECHEMI's opinion. If you have any queries, please write to service@echemi.com. It will be replied within 5 days.

    Moreover, if you find any instances of plagiarism from the page, please send email to service@echemi.com with relevant evidence.