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    Home > Active Ingredient News > Infection > JCI: Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization is associated with impaired adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2

    JCI: Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization is associated with impaired adaptive immune response to SARS-CoV-2

    • Last Update: 2022-03-02
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    Despite the widespread impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ) pandemic worldwide, few reports have assessed the association between bacterial colonization of the upper respiratory tract and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) potential interactions between them
    .


    Therefore, the role of respiratory bacterial pathogens on SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathogenesis remains poorly understood


    COVID-19 infection

    Traditionally, upper airway virus-pneumococcal interactions have been thought to increase the risk of secondary pneumococcal pneumonia, especially during seasonal influenza and RSV outbreaks
    .


    However, the proportion of COVID-19 patients with documented pneumococcal pneumonia based on cultures of blood or sputum samples collected during hospitalization was considerably lower


    To investigate the interaction of pneumococcus and SARS-CoV-2 and the impact of pneumococcus on host antiviral immune responses, we longitudinally sampled healthcare workers (HCWs) at high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and patients with suspected COVID-19 disease
    .

    immunity

    method:

    method: method:

    Here, we investigated the relationship of these two respiratory pathogens in two distinct cohorts: a) healthcare workers with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection identified by systematic screening and b) hospital admissions Patients with moderate to severe disease presenting
    .


    We assessed the effect of co-infection on host antibody, cellular, and inflammatory responses to the virus


    screening

    result:

    Result: Result:

    In both cohorts, pneumococcal colonization was associated with diminished antiviral immune responses, primarily affecting mucosal IgA levels in mildly or asymptomatically infected individuals and cellular memory responses in infected patients
    .

    Figure 2: Impaired mucosal antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in pneumococcal-colonized individuals

    Figure 3: Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization is associated with reduced levels of SARS-CoV-2 memory B cells

    Figure 4: Patients colonized with S.
    pneumoniae lack SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses
    .

    Figure 5: Different nasal inflammation profiles between healthcare workers and COVID-19 infected patients
    .

    In the nose, the HCW group showed a lack of upregulation of cytokines that function to promote T and B cell maturation and differentiation
    .


    In blood, non-colonized patients exhibited increased inflammatory signatures (16/30 cytokine upregulation) compared to Spn-colonized patients (9/30 cytokine upregulation)


    in conclusion:

    Conclusion: Conclusion:

    Our findings suggest that S.
    pneumoniae impairs host immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and raises the question of whether pneumococcal carriage also enables immune escape of other respiratory viruses and promotes reinfection
    .

    Despite the observational design, our study has identified pneumococcal colonization as a variable that modulates the host immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection
    .


    Impaired acquired immunity against natural SARS-CoV-2 infection may increase susceptibility to subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection


     

    Original link: https://pubmed.


    https://pubmed.


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