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On March 19, The Lancet published online the first long-term serological follow-up survey conducted by academician Wang Chen of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and other scholars in Wuhan, revealing the dynamic changes of serum antibodies in patients with new crown infections.
This is also a prospective long-term seroepidemiological follow-up survey with the longest observation time and the largest number of follow-ups in the world so far.
Seroprevalence and humoral immune durability of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Wuhan, China: a longitudinal, population-level, cross-sectional study.
DOI: https: //doi.
org/10.
1016/S0140-6736(21)00238 -5 This study was conducted after the unblocking of Wuhan in April 2020, selecting all 13 districts under the jurisdiction of Wuhan, and using a strict multi-stage cluster random sampling method to conduct a representative sample of 9,542 residents from 3,556 households.
On-site questionnaires and throat swab nucleic acid and serum new coronavirus antibody tests were followed up in June and 10-12 months.
Overall, among 9542 residents, 532 were positive for antibodies to the new coronavirus.
After correction, the positive rate for antibodies in the population was 6.
9%.
After dividing the gender, it was found that the seroprevalence of female participants was higher than that of males.
(Seroprevalence survey is to take a representative sample from the overall population and detect whether there are antibodies produced after the 2019 new coronavirus infection in the blood of the individual sample.
The results can be used to estimate the scale of infection.
) Serum of different ages The prevalence is also different.
Specifically, the seroprevalence of people aged 12-17 years is lower than that of people over 18 years of age.
The nature of work is different, and the seroprevalence rate is also different.
Among 83 health workers, 7 have antibody positive, and their seroprevalence The rate is higher than that of community workers, that is to say, the seroprevalence of medical staff is higher than that of other occupations.
The seroprevalence of participants who had been in the hospital in the past 5 months, had contact with a person diagnosed with COVID-19, and had respiratory symptoms in the past 5 months was significantly higher than that of participants without the above-mentioned risk factors.
Population clinical characteristics and SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence.
In addition, the study also found that there are big differences between the number of confirmed cases of new crown in various countries and regions in the world and the number of infections estimated based on the population seroprevalence.
"Assessing the proportion of people who are infected with the new coronavirus and who are immune is essential for formulating effective disease prevention and control strategies to reduce the possibility of recurring pandemics in the future.
" Wang Chen said, because people with mild infections may not seek medical attention.
Symptoms are usually not tested, and the number of confirmed cases of new crowns and the actual number of infections will be very different.
This is also a common phenomenon in the global new crown epidemic.
It is worth noting that among these antibody-positive people, 437 out of 532 have asymptomatic infection, accounting for 82.
1%, which is much higher than the estimated value of 40%-45% reported globally in the past.
And only 40% produced neutralizing antibodies (functional antibodies that can effectively fight the virus), and this part of the population only accounts for 2.
7% of the Wuhan population.
This is enough to show that the population is still generally lacking in immunity to the new coronavirus, and it is necessary to prevent the pandemic from recurring.
occur.
In 1984 families with two or three members, 209 families were antibody-positive (10.
5%), and among 756 families with more than four members, 118 families were antibody-positive (15.
6%).
With more family members, the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection increases.
During follow-up, individuals from negative families were still negative for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
This shows that there is no continuous exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China.
Among the 532 antibody-positive participants, 69 were IgM-positive (13.
0%), 84 were IgA-positive (15.
8%), and 212 were neutralizing antibody-positive (39.
8%)-functional antibodies that are effective against the virus.
In terms of age, the proportion of IgG antibody positive for 6-11 years old and 12-17 years old is lower than other age groups.
There were 363 pan-immunoglobulins-positive individuals in 270 families who had the first follow-up visit, while 454 individuals in 343 families participated in the second follow-up.
After the second follow-up, the researchers found that more than 90% of individuals were still positive for IgG, even though the proportion of IgA (immunoglobulin A) and IgM (immunoglobulin M) positives decreased over time.
Among confirmed cases and symptomatic individuals, the proportion of neutralizing antibody-positive patients is higher than that of asymptomatic patients.
Among the 363 pan-immunoglobulin-positive individuals, 335 participated in two follow-up visits and provided a total of 3 serum samples.
The researchers found that the IgG levels in confirmed cases and symptomatic individuals were higher than in asymptomatic individuals.
Among them, 98 people's IgG antibody concentration was relatively stable, 65 people's IgG antibody concentration continued to increase, and 114 people's IgG antibody concentration continued to decrease.
Ren Lili, a researcher at the Institute of Pathogenic Biology of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, said that the durability of the immune response to the natural infection of the new coronavirus is currently unclear.
"Our research has found that the antibodies produced after infection with the new coronavirus can persist for more than 9 months.
Most importantly, we have found that the neutralizing antibodies remain stable for at least 9 months.
This phenomenon is important for future precision prevention and control work.
It has guiding value.
” “In view of the relatively small number of neutralizing antibodies produced through natural infections, the study once again emphasized the importance of effective new crown vaccines at the population level to control the disease.
The extraordinary, rapid and effective control implemented in Wuhan The measures may curb the spread of the virus, but also hinder the production of continuous neutralizing antibodies, thereby reducing the proportion of naturally acquired herd immunity.
"At the same time, "The Lancet" specially distributed review articles written by internationally renowned microbiology and immunology experts Richard Strugnell and others for the study.
They believe that this study has given people a deeper understanding of the natural seroprevalence of populations in pandemic cities.
The understanding is an important milestone in describing the new coronavirus infection and understanding the immune status under the pandemic.
It is reported that this research was jointly funded by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the Ministry of Science and Technology.
Source: Metz Medical The comprehensive report is authorized to reprint, submit and break the news, please contact Metz Medical Administrator MedSci (WeChat ID: medsci_m) for recommended reading! 35 million people around the world suffer from drug abuse disorder, opioids are the most harmful foreign new crown vaccine, okay? Stopped in many countries? Heavy: 13 latest proposals for the pharmaceutical industry at the National Two Sessions in 2021! National Liver Love Day｜ The incidence of fatty liver and liver cancer is rising year by year!
This is also a prospective long-term seroepidemiological follow-up survey with the longest observation time and the largest number of follow-ups in the world so far.
Seroprevalence and humoral immune durability of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Wuhan, China: a longitudinal, population-level, cross-sectional study.
DOI: https: //doi.
org/10.
1016/S0140-6736(21)00238 -5 This study was conducted after the unblocking of Wuhan in April 2020, selecting all 13 districts under the jurisdiction of Wuhan, and using a strict multi-stage cluster random sampling method to conduct a representative sample of 9,542 residents from 3,556 households.
On-site questionnaires and throat swab nucleic acid and serum new coronavirus antibody tests were followed up in June and 10-12 months.
Overall, among 9542 residents, 532 were positive for antibodies to the new coronavirus.
After correction, the positive rate for antibodies in the population was 6.
9%.
After dividing the gender, it was found that the seroprevalence of female participants was higher than that of males.
(Seroprevalence survey is to take a representative sample from the overall population and detect whether there are antibodies produced after the 2019 new coronavirus infection in the blood of the individual sample.
The results can be used to estimate the scale of infection.
) Serum of different ages The prevalence is also different.
Specifically, the seroprevalence of people aged 12-17 years is lower than that of people over 18 years of age.
The nature of work is different, and the seroprevalence rate is also different.
Among 83 health workers, 7 have antibody positive, and their seroprevalence The rate is higher than that of community workers, that is to say, the seroprevalence of medical staff is higher than that of other occupations.
The seroprevalence of participants who had been in the hospital in the past 5 months, had contact with a person diagnosed with COVID-19, and had respiratory symptoms in the past 5 months was significantly higher than that of participants without the above-mentioned risk factors.
Population clinical characteristics and SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence.
In addition, the study also found that there are big differences between the number of confirmed cases of new crown in various countries and regions in the world and the number of infections estimated based on the population seroprevalence.
"Assessing the proportion of people who are infected with the new coronavirus and who are immune is essential for formulating effective disease prevention and control strategies to reduce the possibility of recurring pandemics in the future.
" Wang Chen said, because people with mild infections may not seek medical attention.
Symptoms are usually not tested, and the number of confirmed cases of new crowns and the actual number of infections will be very different.
This is also a common phenomenon in the global new crown epidemic.
It is worth noting that among these antibody-positive people, 437 out of 532 have asymptomatic infection, accounting for 82.
1%, which is much higher than the estimated value of 40%-45% reported globally in the past.
And only 40% produced neutralizing antibodies (functional antibodies that can effectively fight the virus), and this part of the population only accounts for 2.
7% of the Wuhan population.
This is enough to show that the population is still generally lacking in immunity to the new coronavirus, and it is necessary to prevent the pandemic from recurring.
occur.
In 1984 families with two or three members, 209 families were antibody-positive (10.
5%), and among 756 families with more than four members, 118 families were antibody-positive (15.
6%).
With more family members, the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection increases.
During follow-up, individuals from negative families were still negative for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
This shows that there is no continuous exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China.
Among the 532 antibody-positive participants, 69 were IgM-positive (13.
0%), 84 were IgA-positive (15.
8%), and 212 were neutralizing antibody-positive (39.
8%)-functional antibodies that are effective against the virus.
In terms of age, the proportion of IgG antibody positive for 6-11 years old and 12-17 years old is lower than other age groups.
There were 363 pan-immunoglobulins-positive individuals in 270 families who had the first follow-up visit, while 454 individuals in 343 families participated in the second follow-up.
After the second follow-up, the researchers found that more than 90% of individuals were still positive for IgG, even though the proportion of IgA (immunoglobulin A) and IgM (immunoglobulin M) positives decreased over time.
Among confirmed cases and symptomatic individuals, the proportion of neutralizing antibody-positive patients is higher than that of asymptomatic patients.
Among the 363 pan-immunoglobulin-positive individuals, 335 participated in two follow-up visits and provided a total of 3 serum samples.
The researchers found that the IgG levels in confirmed cases and symptomatic individuals were higher than in asymptomatic individuals.
Among them, 98 people's IgG antibody concentration was relatively stable, 65 people's IgG antibody concentration continued to increase, and 114 people's IgG antibody concentration continued to decrease.
Ren Lili, a researcher at the Institute of Pathogenic Biology of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, said that the durability of the immune response to the natural infection of the new coronavirus is currently unclear.
"Our research has found that the antibodies produced after infection with the new coronavirus can persist for more than 9 months.
Most importantly, we have found that the neutralizing antibodies remain stable for at least 9 months.
This phenomenon is important for future precision prevention and control work.
It has guiding value.
” “In view of the relatively small number of neutralizing antibodies produced through natural infections, the study once again emphasized the importance of effective new crown vaccines at the population level to control the disease.
The extraordinary, rapid and effective control implemented in Wuhan The measures may curb the spread of the virus, but also hinder the production of continuous neutralizing antibodies, thereby reducing the proportion of naturally acquired herd immunity.
"At the same time, "The Lancet" specially distributed review articles written by internationally renowned microbiology and immunology experts Richard Strugnell and others for the study.
They believe that this study has given people a deeper understanding of the natural seroprevalence of populations in pandemic cities.
The understanding is an important milestone in describing the new coronavirus infection and understanding the immune status under the pandemic.
It is reported that this research was jointly funded by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the Ministry of Science and Technology.
Source: Metz Medical The comprehensive report is authorized to reprint, submit and break the news, please contact Metz Medical Administrator MedSci (WeChat ID: medsci_m) for recommended reading! 35 million people around the world suffer from drug abuse disorder, opioids are the most harmful foreign new crown vaccine, okay? Stopped in many countries? Heavy: 13 latest proposals for the pharmaceutical industry at the National Two Sessions in 2021! National Liver Love Day｜ The incidence of fatty liver and liver cancer is rising year by year!
