Lancet Oncol: Adjuvant pembrolizumab treatment can significantly improve the long-term survival rate of advanced high-risk melanoma without distant recurrence!

Immune checkpoint inhibitors ipilimumab, nivolumab and pembrolizumab, as well as BRAF-MEK inhibitors combined with dabrafenib and trametinib in patients with advanced melanoma are in adjuvant measures Reflected by the positive results in the context.

The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) 1325/KEYNOTE-054 trial evaluated the effect of pembrolizumab vs placebo in patients with high-risk stage III melanoma resection.

This article reports the final analysis results of the secondary efficacy endpoint of the clinical adaptation: the latest data on the survival rate without distant metastasis and the survival rate without recurrence.

The EORTC 1325-MG/KEYNOTE-054 trial is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 study, conducted in 123 academic centers and hospitals in 23 countries, and recruited patients over 18 years of age for complete resection.

Survival rates without distant recurrence of patients in different stages (A Figure IIIA, B Figure IIIB, C Figure IIIC)

From August 26, 2015 to November 14, 2016, a total of 1019 patients were recruited, of which 514 received pembrolizumab treatment and 505 received placebo.

Recurrence-free survival

Whether in the intention-to-treat population or in PD-L1 positive patients, the recurrence-free survival rate of the pembrolizumab group was higher than that of the placebo group: 59.

Alexander MM Eggermont, et al.