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Researchers at the University of Illinois and the University of Maryland published a new article in this week's issue of Science that reveals the results of
climate modelling studies by showing that large wind and solar power plants in the Sahara have increased rainfall and vegetation through "climate models.
"
The study, which is based on the premise that wind and solar farms are known to have local effects on heat, humidity, and other facts that may be beneficial or harmful to their area, is the first to model the large-scale impact, i.
e.
wind and solar development has an impact
on local climate and vegetation.
"Previous modelling studies have shown that large wind and solar farms can produce significant climate change at the continental scale," said lead author Yan Li, a postdoctoral researcher in natural resources and environmental sciences at the University of Illinois, "but the lack of vegetation feedback may make the simulated climate impacts very different
from their actual behavior.
" ”
The study focused on the Sahara for several reasons: "We chose it because it is the largest desert in the world, sparsely populated and highly sensitive to land change, it is located in Africa, close to Europe and the Middle East, all of which have huge and growing energy needs
.
" ”
The study simulated much higher capacities than needed, including 3 terawatts of wind and 79 terawatts of solar
.
"In 2017, global energy demand was only 18 terawatts, so that's obviously much more than the world needs right now," but the model shows that wind farms at this level cause regional warming of near-surface temperatures, with the minimum temperature variation greater than the maximum temperature change
.
The model also shows that "precipitation increased by an average of 0.
25 mm per day in areas where wind farms were installed, and doubled
in controlled experiments.
" "The increase in rainfall has also benefited the Sahel (the area between the Sahara Desert and Sultan Sahana), with an average increase of 1.
12 mm per day," which in turn leads to an increase in vegetation cover, creating a positive feedback loop
.
”
Solar power plants have similarly positive effects
on temperature and precipitation.
"We found that large-scale installations of solar and wind farms can bring more rainfall and promote vegetation growth in these areas," explains Eugenia Kalnay of the University of Maryland.
”
"Increased rainfall and vegetation, combined with clean electricity generated by solar and wind power, can help agriculture in the Sahara, the Sahel, the Middle East and other nearby regions, contributing to economic development and social well-being," said
Safa Motesharrei of Maryland.
Researchers at the University of Illinois and the University of Maryland published a new article in this week's issue of Science that reveals the results of
climate modelling studies by showing that large wind and solar power plants in the Sahara have increased rainfall and vegetation through "climate models.
"
The study, which is based on the premise that wind and solar farms are known to have local effects on heat, humidity, and other facts that may be beneficial or harmful to their area, is the first to model the large-scale impact, i.
e.
wind and solar development has an impact
on local climate and vegetation.
"Previous modelling studies have shown that large wind and solar farms can produce significant climate change at the continental scale," said lead author Yan Li, a postdoctoral researcher in natural resources and environmental sciences at the University of Illinois, "but the lack of vegetation feedback may make the simulated climate impacts very different
from their actual behavior.
" ”
The study focused on the Sahara for several reasons: "We chose it because it is the largest desert in the world, sparsely populated and highly sensitive to land change, it is located in Africa, close to Europe and the Middle East, all of which have huge and growing energy needs
.
" ”
The study simulated much higher capacities than needed, including 3 terawatts of wind and 79 terawatts of solar
.
"In 2017, global energy demand was only 18 terawatts, so that's obviously much more than the world needs right now," but the model shows that wind farms at this level cause regional warming of near-surface temperatures, with the minimum temperature variation greater than the maximum temperature change
.
The model also shows that "precipitation increased by an average of 0.
25 mm per day in areas where wind farms were installed, and doubled
in controlled experiments.
" "The increase in rainfall has also benefited the Sahel (the area between the Sahara Desert and Sultan Sahana), with an average increase of 1.
12 mm per day," which in turn leads to an increase in vegetation cover, creating a positive feedback loop
.
”
Solar power plants have similarly positive effects
on temperature and precipitation.
"We found that large-scale installations of solar and wind farms can bring more rainfall and promote vegetation growth in these areas," explains Eugenia Kalnay of the University of Maryland.
”
"Increased rainfall and vegetation, combined with clean electricity generated by solar and wind power, can help agriculture in the Sahara, the Sahel, the Middle East and other nearby regions, contributing to economic development and social well-being," said
Safa Motesharrei of Maryland.
