Learn from international experience to prevent food safety problems brought about by the outbreak.

Original title: Learn from international experience to prevent the food security problems brought about by the outbreak
the whole country is going all out to fight the new crown pneumonia
the
. The author believes that the current need to pay more attention to short-term food supply and long-term food
food security
. Under the outbreak, the general judgment is that the short-term problem of food supply is not significant, but the medium- and long-term food security issues need to be vigilant.
international experience, major outbreaks can have a serious impact on food security. Outbreaks such as SARS in China, Ebola in West African countries and Marburg virus in Germany have all experienced food security problems such as food shortages, rising food prices, difficulty in accessing food, and an increase in malnutrition during and after the outbreak. According to the World Bank, rice prices in Guinea, Libya and Sierra Leone have risen by 30 per cent since the Ebola outbreak in 2014, and cassava prices in Libya by 150 per cent.
The main reasons for the impact of the outbreak on food security include: logistical disruption and panic buying, leading to rapid increases in short-term food prices, disruption of the circulation of means of production and agricultural products, disruption of industrial chains and supply chains, which will have a long-term impact on the production and supply of agricultural products, blocked employment, resulting in a decline in income, affecting the ability to purchase food, especially the nutritional health of vulnerable groups.
past few weeks, China's food market performance has been basically stable, this trend is expected to continue. As the current consumption of products are pre-festival outbreak of the full-scale production, in response to the Spring Festival holiday, adequate pre-production, circulation enterprises have sufficient reserves, so the outbreak brought about by poor logistics did not bring significant impact on food prices. The prices of grain and oil and other bulk storage products were basically stable, and the prices of fresh products such as vegetables, fruits, meat and eggs rose slightly.
, due to supply chain obstruction, the outbreak on the production of livestock products, the market is expected to be more volatile after the first quarter. Epidemic prevention and control measures have had a great impact on the movement of goods and people. With the end of the Spring Festival holiday, some agricultural enterprises have appeared the lack of production materials, product transportation difficulties and lack of personnel to return to work and other issues. If this situation continues in the long term, it will have a negative impact on the next phase of agricultural production.
, the impact on the aquaculture industry is most significant, especially livestock and poultry farming has been the most significant impact. According to a survey of enterprises conducted by the Agricultural University of China, the price of corn for feed has risen by more than 100 yuan per ton, and even so, the feed stocks of aquaculture enterprises can only be maintained for 3 to 4 days.
addition, due to the limited trading of live poultry, some enterprises of live poultry can not be out of the column, seedlings can not be sold, resulting in the live burial of chicken seedlings and chicken and duck smouldering phenomenon. Affected by this, farmers make up the column enthusiasm is poor. According to industry estimates, the market input of chicken and duck seedlings has decreased by about 50%, and if calculated according to the 40-day column cycle, the market supply will decline significantly after the first quarter. Coupled with the continuing impact of swine fever in Africa, the contradiction between meat supply and demand is likely to be highlighted.
, the long-term sustained outbreak will affect the production of large crops such as grain, cotton, oil and sugar. Whether the outbreak affects the purchase and input of means of production, such as seeds and fertilizers, requires sustained attention. If food production is affected, the impact on food security as a whole is enormous.
Currently, the epidemic has spread in South Korea, Japan, Italy, Iran and other countries, due to lack of labor, public panic, port shipping restrictions, and even the initiation of trade barriers and other reasons, some countries may restrict the import and export of agricultural products, thus impacting the global food trading system, and even lead to the disruption of the world's agricultural trade chain.
how to deal with the impact of the outbreak on food security, the international community has formed some consensus on this. Our country also has its own experience in dealing with SARS. Combined with the current national conditions, the author puts forward the following suggestions.
strengthen market information monitoring and release, reasonable guidance expectations. Transparency of market information can help to carry out macro-control and eliminate consumer panic, and can guide farmers to arrange production rationally. High-frequency tracking of agricultural product prices in different regions should be carried out and released in a timely manner, especially to strengthen market monitoring in Wuhan, Hubei Province.
strengthen market supervision to ensure the smooth and orderly operation of the market. We will crack down on the act of disturbing the market order by hoarding goods for sale, raising prices and filling them up second, avoid the phenomenon of looting of agricultural products, plan to do a good job in the storage and transportation of agricultural products, ensure market supply and stabilize residents' consumption expectations, strictly control the quality supervision of agricultural products and their processed products, ensure the quality and safety of food products in the very period, increase policy supervision, ensure that the circulation of agricultural production materials and food market supply measures can be effectively implemented in place to ensure that the industrial chain does not break.
to introduce support policies to increase support for production entities during the outbreak. We will increase financing support so that the credit balance of agricultural-related enterprises does not decline, ensure that the cost of financing falls, reduce the burden on enterprises, appropriately reduce taxes or deferred taxes of farming enterprises, reduce rents of agricultural enterprises, defer payment of social insurance premiums, etc., and give due consideration to temporary subsidies to agricultural production subjects.
trade channels open, make full use of the international market to stabilize food supply and demand. The use of agricultural products as a trade counter-measure during the epidemic period will make our country very passive, so beware of trade friction. China may consider reducing import tariffs on bulk agricultural products, which have an important impact on the production of livestock products, and at the same time, increase the import of livestock products in a timely and appropriate manner in order to ensure domestic supply and stabilize the prices of livestock products.
the protection of vulnerable groups and consolidate the effectiveness of poverty alleviation. International experience has shown that food consumption by vulnerable groups and low-income groups is more vulnerable to outbreaks. Therefore, the focus should be on avoiding the increase in malnutrition and poverty and affecting the process of fighting poverty.
.