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    Home > Food News > Food Articles > Legend is written in the motherland on the land of the key laboratory parade

    Legend is written in the motherland on the land of the key laboratory parade

    • Last Update: 2021-03-12
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    Liu Xuan investigates the situation of bullfrogs' invasive habitatAcademician Wei Fuwen is working in the field in Qinling The team is conducting background research on bat biology in Pu'er Guanyin Cave, Yunnanthe team is conducting a field examination of bat species diversity in YunnanAnd their common home, is watching in the southwestern hinterland of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
    this is Sanjiangyuan, China's first national park is about to be established here.
    1950s, scientists from the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences began a scientific expedition to the Sanjiangyuan region. Entering a new era, the Zoology Institute and the Sanjiangyuan National Park Authority will work together to develop a conservation plan for the future of Sanjiangyuan Wildlife.
    "Good science stories must be in nature!" Zhan Xiangjiang, deputy director of the Animal Research Institute, said. They can't wait to put their skills in the laboratory, into the vast world of the western part of the motherland to accept the hammering, to write legends . . .Over the years, rats and rabbits have flooded the Sanjiangyuan area, and the government has invested heavily in the eradication of rats and rabbits. The original way is to sow pesticides, not only pollute the environment, damage the water quality in the lower and middle reaches, but also mistakenly hurt wolves, foxes and other predators hunting rats and rabbits. Bio-rat-proof drugs without secondary poisoning were later developed, but this also caused the food chain to break.
    Team Zhan Xiangjiang came with the same "baby".
    this is a patented artificial raptor nest box. A nest can be used for both - the section with a lid below is suitable for hunting and other habitation, and the open part above can besuch as large birds.
    birds of prey in Sanjiangyuan like to nest on bare cliffs. But the population of rats and rabbits has skyrocketed recently, and birds of prey, despite abundant food, do not have enough natural nests to take advantage of. Raptors are in a hurry, making nests on high-voltage utility poles and roadside billboards. "It is against this background that we, together with the Mado County government at the source of the Yellow River, have built more than 700 artificial nests in the area, and now more than 40% of them are used by birds of prey, which can be said to be quite popular. However
    it is not easy to nest the eagles on the "roof of the world". To avoid the breeding season, the frozen period, the annual start time is only around September. A pole is 8 meters high, and on an oxygen-thin plateau, at least 10 lean guys need to work together to put it up. When labor and transportation costs are accounted for, the cost of a nest exceeds 5000 yuan.
    beginning, the local people did not understand these outsiders. Slowly, see the raptors in artificial nests to breed, see the birds of prey rats and rabbits to protect the grassland, the people welcome their arrival.
    "Out of religious awareness and cultural traditions, the locals do not like to disturb wild animals directly, and the raptors prey on this original way of killing rats and rabbits, which is highly in line with the local beliefs." Zhan Xiangjiang said. With the recognition and welcome of the local people, they took the Sanjiangyuan National Park Authority as the base, put the science work really done on the plateau: let the Tibetan children know how many valuable resources in their hometown, train them to grow into small "ecological stewards".
    's team's main research object is hunting. This bird, regarded as treasured by the Arab nobles and hard to find, is the top link in the ecological chain in the eyes of scientists, an endangered species in urgent need of protection, and a magical living thing with many scientific secrets.
    some Middle Eastern countries regard hunting as a national treasure, the largest pool of genetic resources is in China, " he said. "Jian Xiangjiang and others have traveled to Mongolia to put satellite locators on the backs of the falcons, all the way to find out that most of Mongolia's falcons will fly on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in winter, where the world's largest winter population.
    the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Mongolia's natural environment are many different, the altitude is very different. Long-term survival in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau hunting, are born to withstand low temperature and low oxygen physiological mechanism. The falcons from Mongolia do not have these innate advantages, but they have to spend the winter in such a cold place - can their small body plates stand it?
    " has a professional noun called 'highland suit' - ordinary people come to the plateau for a period of time, will temporarily develop the ability to adapt to the oxygen-deficient environment. But when you leave the plateau, that ability fades away. Zhan Xiangjiang said, "Mongolia's hunting also shows this characteristic." "
    if tracking the migration path of falcons depends on macro-ecological methods, then it is necessary to use microbiological techniques to explore the training mechanism of falcons." Using fine experimental methods such as molecular biology, genetics, physiology and biochemistry, they have initially expounded the internal mechanism of hunting falcons to adapt to high cold and oxygen-deprived environments.
    the fusion of macro-methods and micro-technologies is a feature of the Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the "Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology") and a goal they have been striving for. at the Institute of Zoology, the Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology is one of the oldest laboratories, dating back to the Creation of the Animal Ecology Laboratory in 1962.
    Zhen Huang, Xia Wuping, Zhu Jing... In this laboratory list, many shining names have emerged, opened up Research areas in Chinese veterinary science, animal ecology and conservation biology, and carried out research and protection of endangered species such as giant pandas, Zhu Qi, golden monkeys, Platts original antelope, etc. In the history of this laboratory, many glorious legends have also been written.
    However, with the rapid development of the whole life science field, the traditional macro-animal ecology is becoming less and less, in the past, the kind of research methods that rely on two eyes and two legs, in a variety of high-end instruments, advanced technology, more and more show limitations.
    " life science from macro to micro, that is, from phenomenon to essence. Wei Fuwen, a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a researcher at the Institute of Zoology, said, "We have observed many phenomena in nature in the past, but now we need to go into the laboratory and explore the mechanisms behind them." "
    2006, in the lead-up to the establishment of the Key Laboratory for Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, the staff and funding of the laboratory were at an not-so-abundant stage. People have realized the trend of micro-research methods, several researchers each pooled 50,000 yuan to establish a micro-instrumental equipment basically complete public laboratory.
    "This is an important turning point in the development of our laboratory, and we are truly united and moving from macro-research to micro-research." Wei said.
    when decades of field science and the traditional advantages of macro-ecology came to the fore, microbiology technology gave birth to a series of results that had never been imagined in the past. Taking Wei Fuwen's task force as an example, they took the lead in introducing new technologies such as population genomics, macrogenomics and comparative genomics into the research of giant pandas, depicting the historical changes of the giant panda population over the past 8 million years, solving the mystery of the adaptive evolution of giant pandas from meat to vegetarianism, expounding the inherent mechanism of habitat fragmentation threatening the population of giant pandas, and providing a strong scientific support and theoretical basis for the protection of the "national treasure" giant panda. work in this laboratory, there is always an "atmosphere".
    June 2020, a paper published in Nature-Newsletter reveals the current situation and challenges of nature reserves around the world in the face of invasive alien animals. The study covered 190,000 land nature reserves around the world and analyzed a total of 894 exotic animals from 11 groups. The results show that the protected area resists the invasion of some exotic animals, however, nearly 90% of the protected areas have appeared the self-breeding population of exotic animals, which poses a serious threat to the protected area. The earlier protected areas are established, the better the effectiveness of the prevention and control of alien species, and the higher the diversity of local species, the stronger the protected area's ability to resist alien animals.
    the results of this panoramic scanning study provide an important scientific basis for the development of biosecurity countermeasures in nature reserves around the world.
    " conservation biology is a crisis-response discipline. Liu Xuan, lead author of the study and co-author of the study and an associate researcher at the Institute of Zoology, said, "The country is now putting ecological and biosecurity at the top of its list, which is a strategic support role for our laboratory." In liu
    , only when we really go into the wild and into nature can we find the inspiration for scientific research and maintain the necessary sensitivity and alertness to real-world crises. Since studying for a Ph.D. at the Institute of Zoology, Liu Xuan has been conducting research on invasive ecology and amphibian conservation, often conducting water surveys at night.
    evening, by the lakeside river, there was a frog sound everywhere, but Liu Xuan was undulately intoxicated - this is mainly from the North American bullfrog "chorus" is too complete. This bullfrog can eat three or four native frogs in one bite, but also spread amphibian pot bacteria disease, can be described as an alien species in the "big killer."
    " locals recall that frogs used to be rich and diverse. But these years the bullfrogs have come and the number of other frogs has decreased dramatically. Liu Xuan felt eager and sad. The nature reserve is regarded as the cornerstone of global biodiversity conservation, and during the field survey, Liu Xuan found that the managers of the reserve generally have a strong will to prevent and control alien species, but even so, many alien species still meet stitches and expand the scope of invasion. "I've been thinking, if even protected areas have alien species, how serious has the global species invasion been?"
    in Liu Xuan and others on the road of scientific research, these alarm bells from nature are not only a spur, but also inspire them to fight for the green water green mountains all the way.
    build Asia's largest national database of animal specimens, follow the "Belt and Road" track of species exchange and migration, and study the impact of global climate change on the evolution of species on The Earth... Whether embracing micro-technology or adhering to the macro-vision, one of the research purposes of the Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology is to write papers on the land of the motherland and in the wider world. this year, the Institute of Zoology has laid out a special course in anti-epidemic science and technology. Led by researchers Du Weiguo and Zhou Xuming of the Institute of Zoology, the research groups of relevant research backgrounds inside and outside the Institute are jointly organized to carry out research on animals from epidemic sources. During the outbreak, Zhou Xuming's team went to Hebei, Yunnan, Anhui and other places to carry out bat resource survey and related data collection work to find out the species and distribution of bats.
    "As early as 2018, we're already working on it." Zhou Xuming said, "Because to truly achieve prediction and prevention of zoonotic diseases, it is not enough to study the microscopic characteristics of the virus, to take the initiative to go to nature to find clues." The
    distribution, behaviour, migration routes and distance and contact with live animals are all significantly affected by the outbreak and spread of infectious diseases. But for a long time, the research on the biological background of the animals of the epidemic source has not been paid due attention to.
    the establishment of the Epidemic Animals Course, a team that studies pathogenic microorganisms and SARS has come to work together - "We need your help in studying bats." Some teams that study immune issues and drug research and development have also made influential achievements with the help of the country's richest library of bat cells in key laboratories in animal ecology and conservation biology.
    " virus is unpredictable, but it is possible to predict new infectious disease hotspots. Zhou Xuming said, "The study of animals of epidemic origin needs a unified national layout, but also need zoology, ecology, microbiology and even physiology, information science and many other disciplines of the common force." "They are calling for the opening of science and technology projects centered on epidemic-sourced animals and the creation of epidemic-source animal fusion science to take the lead in future infectious diseases.
    "After this year's outbreak, we realized that the key laboratory of animal ecology and conservation biology is an indispensable and important force in establishing a national ecological safety and biosecurity prevention and control system." Zhan Xiangjiang said, "I believe that the laboratory will continue to write legend and glory!" Just New Year's Day 2019, the story of a group of tiger-skin parrots was swiped online.
    on the "Insincere Don't Disturb" stage designed for age-appropriate parrots, Miss Parrot quickly chose the "Gao Fu Shuai" parrot guy who was more in line with the trend aesthetic. Just as the defeated parrot boys were secretly hurting themselves, the scientists quietly reached out and set up a small stove for them.
    week-long "special training" began. Train the parrot to take food from a petri dish first, and you can get the food by lifting the lid. After the parrot mastered, the training upgrade, replaced with a specially designed food box, need to open the lid, open the door, pull out the drawer to eat.
    week, all the trained parrots were proficient in taking food from the box - the intellectual role of birds.
    "study abroad" returned to the love arena. This time, in front of them and the last winner of the "Gao Fu Shuai", are placed on the design of the food box. Miss Parrot left to right: received "higher education" parrot boys methodically opened the food box, the method is pure, elegant posture. On the other side, once by appearance favored by the "high rich handsome", but it seems clumsy, helpless.
    no suspense, "highly educated" parrot boy by virtue of a skill, won the hearts of the United States.
    females like the intelligent and capable opposite sex - a simple and straightforward conclusion that shows a strong scientific appeal through cleverly designed experiments. The study was not only received in the journal Science, but also received high praise from Striedter, a professor at the University of California, USA: "This approach has considerable prospects for advancing research on cognitive levels and mate-selection behavior." "
    " we didn't think about "science" at first, but focused more on the science problem itself. Sun Yuehua, author of the paper and a researcher at the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said.
    in the field of life sciences, macro-behavioral ecology studies that do not involve molecular processes are often difficult to ask for in top journals. "When we talk about macrobiology, it's a long research cycle, it's not easy to send an article, the impact factor is not high." Sun Yuehua half quipped and half-seriously said.
    chinese academy of Sciences, which started with traditional ecology
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