Lily

populations that can form bulbs in the Liliaceae lily genus, perennive root herbs. Lilium L., the ancient name Panyu. Chromosome number 2n-2x-24. Each 100g bulb contains
protein
about 3.36g, sucrose 10.39g, reduced sugar 3.0g, phosphate 5.61g, starch 11.46g, fat 0.18g and phosphorus, calcium,
vitamins
B1, vitamin B2 and other nutrients. Scale stems for consumption, can also make starch, flowers for viewing. Scale stem into the medicine to supplement the beneficial gas, moisturizing lungs, coughing and wheezing and other effects.and distribution of lily: lily native to the temperage region of eastern Asia, China, Japan and Korea wild lily distribution is very wide. China's edible wild species lily throughout the north and south of 26 provinces and regions, vertically distributed between 200-3200 meters above sea level. The earliest chinese record of lilies is found in the Song Dynasty's "Arya Wing". The book says that panyu is lily garlic, and said: "Lily garlic, root small people such as garlic, big as bowls, dozens of pieces tired, like white lotus, so the name lily, word hundred pieces synthesis also." "The main production areas of Lily in China are Fuyang in Hunan Province, Yixing in Jiangsu Province, Wanli in Jiangxi Province, Laiyang in Shandong Province, Lanzhou in Gansu Province, etc.botanical traits: the bulbs are made of needle-shaped fleshy scales, which are born on the scale plate and the top buds are in the center of the bulbs. After the top buds are unearthed, 2-6 new germination points are often formed on the side, and they separate into separate bulbs the following year or three years later. The size of the bulbs varies according to the type, the smaller is less than 100g and the larger is 200-300g. The bulbs have meaty roots and fibrous roots, which are born at the bottom of the bulb plate, and are distributed at 40-50 cm underground and have a life span of 2-3 years; The indefinite roots of the stems are with the stems after autumn of that year. The ground stems are upright, branched, green or purple-brown. Some species of leaves with purple-brown "ball buds", some kinds of underground stems with raw white "small bulbs", bulbs and small bulbs can be used as breeding materials, it takes 5-6 years
culture
to become edible bulbs. Leaf-shaped, full edge, green, parallel veins, leafless handle, scattered or a few rotations. Flower single or arranged into a total flower sequence, with flakes, flowers with horn-shaped, bell -shaped, flowers are rolled back or open non-reverse roll;varieties: about 80 lily species, 39 species in China. There are 10 species of two hybrids, widely cultivated in the following species or variants:dragon tooth lily (F.E. Brown ex Mille) var. viridulum Baker) bulb spherical, cross-diameter 2-4.5cm, scale-pin-shaped, white, untied, tasteless. Leaves scattered, poured needle-shaped. Flower milk white has aroma, generally called white flower lily. It is located at an altitude of 300-920m in Hunan, Hubei, Zhejiang, Henan, Hebei and Shaanxi provinces. Such as the main plant of dragon tooth lily in the Fuyang area of Hunan Province.lily (L.davidii Duch.) bulb flat or wide egg shape, height 2-4cm, cross stem 2-2.4cm, scale wide egg shape to egg-shaped needle shape, length 2 to 3.5cm, width 1 to 1.5cm, white. Leaf bar, scattered. Flower orange-yellow sagging, purple-black spots, flowers by the inner wheel wider than the outer wheel, outward roll. Flowers are single or 2-8 in a general order. It is located at an altitude of 850-3200m in Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces. Lanzhou Lily (L. davidii Duch.var.willmottiae (Wilson) Raffil) is a Sichuan lily variant. The bulbs are round, 6.3cm high and 10cm wide. The scales are 6cm long, 3cm wide, white, tightly clinging and sweet. The average weight of a single bulb is 200g. The stems of 6-year-olds are 100cm high, and the underground stems have small bulbs. The flowers are orange and yellow; Lanzhou is the main plant variety.roll dan lily (L.lancifolium Thunb.) The bulbs are round, 3.5cm high, 4-8cm in diameter, 2.5-3cm in length, 1.4-2.5cm wide, slightly yellow in white and slightly bitter. Leaves are bar-shaped, leaves are sprouted with raw beads, flowers are rolled back in orange and red, and there are purple-black spots. Wild or cultivated species are found at altitudes of 400-2500m in central, north, northeast, northwest, southwest and Qinghai-Tibet Plateaus in China. The main planting variety in Taihu basin is Yixing lily.growth and product formation: lilys can be reproduced with bead buds, small bulbs, scales and seeds. Bead buds (curly dan lily) and small bulbs (Lanzhou lily) autumn harvest autumn sowing, culture 2 years for seeding balls. Seed reproduction is generally not used. Scale reproduction is most common in production, scales after 30 days, the base produced a healing
tissue
, by the location of the tube bundle to form a scale stem, and then after 30-40 days to develop into a diameter of 1-2 cm small bulb. Mr. Root, and then by the inner scales first end outward elongation to form 1-2 willow-shaped base leaves. Self-photodework promotes the growth and development of bulbs. The base leaves die in autumn, and the small bulbs go into hibernation. The following year by the scale plate to draw the ground stem, the ground stem into the soil part of the root, the early development of the top can be born flowers, autumn dead. The third year to meet the ball standard (about 50g). After planting the ball, the bulbs and plants grow at the same time on the ground, after 3 years to form a product. Breeding balls can also use scales. Spray the scales with water, germinate at a temperature of 20 degrees C, and cultivate a small ball with a diameter of 1cm over 50 days. Small seed ball early spring transplantation, covering the film to promote seedling, by dewy growth for 2 years to grow a seed ball (about 78g), can shorten the seedling period of 1 year. In recent years, with lily
slices
, flower silk, sub-room tissue culture, access to
test tube
seedlings, transplant survival rate of more than 80%.the upper stems and leaves of lily are resistant to frost and die before early autumn frost arrives. Underground bulbs are resistant to low temperatures and can safely winter in soil layers with an average of -5.5 degrees Celsius. When the average temperature in early spring reached 10 degrees C, the top buds began to active and were unearthed at 14-16 degrees C. The above-ground stems grow fastest at 16-24 degrees C, and the flowering period requires a temperature above 24 degrees C. The entire growth period requires a accumulated temperature of 1128-2499 degrees C or more above 10 degrees C.is suitable for cultivation in sandy loam with deep tillage layer and good drainage, and soil pH6.5-8.2 is suitable.cultivation technique: with bead buds, small bulbs, scales cultured into scale stems or sub-plants of scale petals its weight of about 50g can be used as a seed ball. After the harvest of the ball should be graded according to size, cut off the residual root, the base retains a small amount of soil in time to plant, so as not to dry out. The planting period should be cold in early September and warm in late October. Planting germination in the early years is prone to frost damage, too late is not conducive to root growth. Spring planting is also available, but the seedling period is later than autumn planting. Before planting, deep soil cultivation should be carried out, and full
organic
and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Planting methods are flat, high and ridged. In the arid areas of the north, the plant balls were implanted at a distance of 20×40 cm, and the thickness of the mulch was about three times the height of the balls; Lily left only one strong ground stem per plant, and found that the germination was removed early. Summer buds need to be removed in time. There are bead bud varieties, if you do not use bead buds to cultivate plants, should be early to remove buds, in order to promote the growth of bulbs and fat. Lily taboo.storage processing: Lily is usually harvested in early November. Dig out the scale stem in time to remove the stem, soil, shearing root, indoor graded storage. Layer storage method in the ground 5-8cm thick wet soil, scale stem arrangement on the soil, its top soil 3-4cm, the soil and then discharge the scale stem, so stacked, up to 1m, in the peri-area and top cover soil 20-30cm. The storage period shall be kept at low temperatures and checked regularly, generally until March of the following year, if stored in a cold storage facility at 0C for a longer period of time. Silicon window plastic account gas storage effect is better. Dry lilys can last a long time. Lily dry products processing method is: peeling scales, washed into boiling water "hot drift" 5 minutes, cooling in cold water, bamboo curtain exposure or in the 60 degrees C drying room after 15-16 hours
drying
, drying in the room after 2-3 days back to soft packaging. 100kg fresh lily can be made 30-40kg lily dry.pests and diseases and control: the main disease of lily is soft rot; The main pests are Holotrichia diomphmalia, the larvae of the great black turtle in the northeast.