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The liquid metal robot "T-1000" in the movie "Terminator" series shows the unique characteristics of liquid metal: it has liquid fluidity, high strength of metal, and can repair itself after injury
.
In reality, the liquid metal Galinstan (a eutectic alloy of Ga and In) not only has these peculiar properties, but also has excellent electrical properties (34,000 S·cm-1), thermodynamic properties, etc.
The Liang Jiajie team from the School of Materials Science and Engineering of Nankai University published their research results "Rupture stress of liquid metal nanoparticles and their applications in stretchable conductors and dielectrics" on npj Flexible Electronics
.
The team prepared liquid metal nanoparticles of different sizes by controlling the ultrasound time.
Figure 1.
(a) Preparation process and core-shell structure of liquid metal nanoparticles
.
(b) Schematic diagram of the working principle of LMNPs-1.
Under the guidance of theoretical calculation results, the team used large-size liquid metal particles with low crushing stress to compound with high modulus elastomers, and the prepared stretchable electrode had an initial conductivity of 11,702 S·cm-1.
As the strain increases, the conductivity gradually rises.
Under 400% strain, the conductivity is 24,130 S∙cm-1, and the resistance change is independent of the stretching speed.
The electrode is cyclically stretched 20,000 times under 300% strain, and the resistance change remains stable ( Figure 2a-c)
.
Using small size liquid metal particles with high crushing stress and low modulus elastomer composite, the dielectric constant of the prepared insulating material is 76.
Figure 2.
(a) The relationship between the electrical conductivity and tensile strain of 85%LMNPs-1.
4/85PU in the tensile state, (b) the experimental data fitting, (c) 85%LMNPs-1.
4/85PU at 300% strain, The resistance changes during 20,000 cycles at different speeds (0.
12 Hz, 0.
16 Hz, 0.
24 Hz, 0.
30 Hz, and 0.
01 Hz)
.
(d) The dielectric constant of LMNPs-0.
