Look for primitive black holes and dark matter from the "small universe"

2020 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to three scientists who have made important contributions to the study of black holes. Shortly thereafter, new research on black holes was published in Physical Review Express, and scientists discovered that the "small universe" formed during the expansion of the universe probably gave birth to the most primitive black holes.the Big Bang, many small universes separated from our universe in the form of black holes. (Photo Source: Kavli IPMU)Dark matter is considered to be the main component of the universe, and observed gravitational wave signals, supermassive black holes found in the Milky Way or other galaxy centers, may all originate from dark matter. Before the birth of primitive stars and galaxies, black holes formed in the early universe, and these primitive black holes were likely to be an important component of dark matter.
to study primitive black holes, a team of particle physicists, cosmologists and astronomers from Kavli IPMU began with the early evolution of the universe to find conditions that would help black holes form.
According to cosmic expansion, early galaxies and clusters began to evolve during the rapid expansion of the universe, while many "small universes" came into being, and these real bubbles of air are likely to be different from the existence of our existing universe, which will eventually collapse, but the huge amount of energy released by relatively small volumes is likely to lead to the formation of black holes.
for a small universe with a larger mass, if its size is at a certain threshold, it can be viewed from both inside and outside, according to relativity. Inside, observers can think of it as an expanding universe, and outside it, observers can think of it as a black hole. At any angle, researchers can think of the small universe as a prototype of a black hole that hides the basic structure of multiple universes behind the event horizon.
Event Horizon is a boundary in which what happens within the horizon cannot have an effect on the horizon, and the perimeter of the black hole is the event horizon, where the escape speed is greater than the speed of light, so that no object, even light, can escape.
previously, the team presented candidate events for primitive black hole observations in Nature-Astronomy. In physical review, the team described a new possibility for the formation of primitive black holes.
team showed observations from several small cosmic scenes using the Pleiades telescope in Hawaii and its second-generation hyper-wide-angle main focus camera (Hyper Suprime-Cam, HSC). If a primitive black hole passes through a star galaxy and reachs a star within sight of a telescope, the gravitational force of the black hole bends the light and makes the star brighter than usual in a short period of time. The mass of a black hole can be measured based on the duration of the star's brightening. With HSC, humans have the ability to simultaneously observe hundreds of millions of stars, thus "spreading the net" in search of primitive black holes that are passing through galaxies.if a primitive black hole passes through a star galaxy, the stars in the galaxy will temporarily brighten. Theteam also showed HSC observations, some of which matched the prototypes of heavy and supermassive black holes observed by LIGO.
series of numerical studies have shown that further optical surveys and studies could provide more arguments for the formation mechanism of primitive black holes if it can be determined that the HSC object is the main source of dark matter.
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