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    Home > Biochemistry News > Biotechnology News > Magnetized bacteria: A new model of the ancient single origin of microbial magnetism.

    Magnetized bacteria: A new model of the ancient single origin of microbial magnetism.

    • Last Update: 2020-08-10
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    Geomagnetic fields not only protect the Earth's biosphere from solar radiation and cosmic rays, but also provide a natural "magnetic navigation map" that allows many magnetous organisms to use the geomagnetic field for orientation or migration.
    magnetized bacteria are a class of microorganisms that can perform magnetomagnetic motion, and they synthesize nanoscales, chains, and ferromagnetic particles (Fe3O4 or Fe3S4) in the body by biomineralizing.
    magnetic small body chain functions like a compass, can help magnetosphine bacteria to be oriented in the geomagnetic field, and are therefore considered to have a clear function of the magnetomagnetism receptor.
    the study of magnetized bacteria is not only helpful to understand the origin and evolution of biomagnetic magnetism and biomineralization, but also is of great significance for understanding similar magnetic processes and mechanisms in higher organisms and even human suscitation.
    has found that magneto-magnetbacteria are widely distributed and exercise important geological environmental functions in the current natural water environment and sediment environment.
    but there has been a debate about the origin and evolution of magneto-magnetic bacteria: the multi-origin model holds that the group of magneto-magnetized bacteria synthesized with Fe3O4 and Fe3S4 is independently origined and evolved separately, while the horizontal gene transfer model holds that the frequent horizontal gene transfer of key genes regulating the synthesis of magnetosomes in different microbiomes is the main driving force for the evolution of magnetobacteria.
    in recent years, the discovery of magnetologos gene clusters has provided the possibility for further study and understanding of the classification, origin and evolution of magnetobacteria.
    , in conjunction with the Australian National University and the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, the University of Australia and the University of Nevada, usa, conducted the largest-ever research on magnetic izedd bacteria diversity and macrogenomes across the northern and southern hemispheres, combined with the screening of published microbial genome data in the public database, and obtained 28 environmental magnetism sororizations belonging to three bacterial categories. A sketch of the bacteria's genome, the first discovery of magnetoid bacteria belonging to Thetaproteobacteria and candidatus Lambdaproteobacteria, confirms that the magnetocobacteria originally classified as alpha-deformation bacteria should be a separate new program, the Candidatus Etaproteobacteria.
    further systematic research and comparative analysis of the acquired magnetosome gene clusters, and found that the core genes that regulate the synthesis of Fe3O4 and Fe3S4 magnetosphas have a common origin, and vertical gene transmission is the main driving force of its evolution, and does not support the multi-origin model and horizontal gene transfer model. Based on the above research,
    put forward a new model of the ancient single origin of microbial magnetism, and it is believed that the common ancestor of magnetized bacteria had originated in the early geological history, and that in the subsequent evolution some microorganisms gradually lost the magnetologoo gene cluster to become unmagnetic microorganisms, while in another group of groups the magnetogene cluster swarmed and changed in the evolution, gradually forming a variety of species and inconsistent distribution of the active progenition in the development tree of the system.
    the findings were recently published in the Journal of the International Society for Microbiological Ecology (Lin et al. Genomic expansion oedotactic bacteria reveals an early common origin of magnetotaxis with line-specificevolution. The ISME Journal. doi: 10.1038/s41396-018-0098-9).
    research is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Innovation Research Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences key deployment projects, the Chinese Academy of Sciences Youth Innovation Promotion Association and other projects.
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