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After female mammals are born, the cell cycle of oocytes is stagnated in the first stage of meiosis, and it is not until the eve of ovulation that it resumes meiosis under the stimulation of gonadotropin, and discharges the polar body through asymmetric division, waiting for fertilization
A key feature of mammalian oocyte development is that after it has grown to a suitable size, the transcriptional activity of the genome stops, and the subsequent meiotic maturation, fertilization, and maternal-zygotic transition are almost completely determined by the existing in the oocyte.
The series of work in the laboratory of Professor Hengyu Fan from the Institute of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University in recent years revealed that the two key protein kinases of the MAPK cascade pathway, ERK1/2, mainly promote the translational activation of maternal mRNA stored in the egg cytoplasm, thereby integrating A large number of protein molecules involved in meiosis promote the cell cycle process
In this study, the team first confirmed that among the multiple PAPs encoded in the mouse genome, PAP α is expressed at the highest level in oocytes, and is found in both the nucleus of the oocyte and the cytoplasm of the oocyte.
Based on the results of this study, when the oocyte resumes meiosis , PAP α is activated by triple positive feedback to promote maternal mRNA plus poly (A) tail: (1 ) After the oocyte initiates meiosis and matures, foaming occurs.
Figure 1 : PAP α positive feedback activation mechanism during meiosis and maturation of oocytes
The main significance of this innovative research work is: (1 ) found a direct catalytic mammal maternal mRNA occurs poly (A) enzyme tail extends; (2 ) found that the PAP [alpha] is an ERK1 / 2 direct phosphorylation in the oocyte The chemical substrate further reveals the biochemical mechanism of the MAPK cascade pathway regulating oocyte meiosis; ( 3 ) Although this study mainly focused on mouse oocytes, the cytoplasmic mRNA tailing process is also common in A variety of cell types (such as nerve cells, blood cells), so the multiple regulatory mechanisms of PAP α are likely to have widespread significance in many biological events in the body
Related research papers were recently published online in Nucleic Acids ResearchLast, Jiang Junchao, a doctoral student at Zhejiang University's Institute of Life Sciences, was the first author of the paper, and Professor Fan Hengyu was the corresponding author