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Background: Sweetness receptors (STR) traditionally regulate the sweetness and nutrition of the tongue
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Nonetheless, these G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are also expressed in a variety of other cells, indicating a broader chemosensory function
The sweetness receptor (STR) traditionally regulates the sweetness and nutrition on the tongue
Methods: We used in vitro biochemical methods to decipher the effect of TAS1R2 polymorphism on STR function, and then, as a proof of concept, evaluated its effect on glucose homeostasis in apparently healthy lean participants
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Results: Ile191Val mutation caused partial loss of TAS1R2 function by reducing the availability of receptors in the plasma membrane
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Carriers of the Val minor allele reduced glucose migration during OGTT, which is consistent with the effect previously observed in mice with a loss of TAS1R2 gene function
Figure 1 The TAS1R2-(Val) variant reduces the plasma membrane utilization of STR dimer
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a) Calcium mobilization response to aspartame concentration in HEK293 cells transfected with TAS1R2-(Ile) or TAS1R2-(Val), TAS1R3 and Gα16-gust44 (n=6, ~30 cells)
Figure 1 The TAS1R2-(Val) variant reduces the plasma membrane utilization of STR dimer
Figure 2 TAS1R2-(Val) variants are associated with reduced glucose excursions in humans
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In healthy lean Ile/Ile (black) and Val carriers (red) with normal blood sugar control (n = 20-26/group), (A) glucose, (B) insulin, (C) C in response to oral glucose challenge -Plasma excursion of peptides, (D) glucagon and (E) active GLP-1
Figure 2 TAS1R2-(Val) variants are associated with reduced glucose excursions in humans
Our preliminary studies on common TAS1R2 polymorphisms indicate that the STR sensory function of peripheral tissues (such as the intestine) may be involved in the regulation of human metabolic control
Serrano J, Seflova J, Park J,et al.
The Ile191Val is a partial loss-of -function variant of TAS1R2 sweet taste receptor and is associated with reduced glucose excursions in humans in this message
