My scientists see the special "scissors" in the cells.

- West Lake Scholar, School of Life Sciences, West Lake University, Liu Yuanyuan, reporter Learned from West Lake University that the research group of Professor Shi Yigong of the School of Life Sciences of the university published a paper in the journal Science on January 29th, reporting for the first time the high-resolution three-dimensional structure of the secondary shear body, which has been little known so far in the overall study, showing a key component in the shearing reaction - the activated state secondary shear, with an overall resolution of up to 2.9 E (1.1 nm).
breakthrough was seen as a landmark effort in the field of RNA scissors, making Shi Igong the first team in the world to analyze the high-resolution 3D structure of secondary shears.
Shi Igong and Dr. Wan Yu xue, a West Lake scholar at The School of Life Sciences of West Lake University, are co-authors of the paper, and Bai Qi and Wan Yu xue, postdoctoral students of the College, are co-authors of this paper.
is the secondary shear of the core molecular machine that interprets genetic information? What's the point of studying it? Simply put, the shear is the core molecular machine that interprets genetic information.
" in higher organisms, pieces of genetic information are hidden in nucleic acid molecules.
, 'invalid' genetic information does not have translation function, is called an inclusion, but can be translated by the ucose body of effective genetic information called exons.
, " said Wan.
Wan Yu xue introduced, these genetic code in the "invalid" inclusions "cut" out, "effective" exons "join" together the process is called RNA shearing, it is the core step of life to interpret the genetic code.
is responsible for this step is the complex and sophisticated molecular machine in the nuclei of the cell - the shear.
cut who, cut off how long, when to cut, in what order to stitch together the exons, each "operation" may change the fate of cells.
found that about 35 percent of human genetic diseases are caused by cutting abnormalities.
the 1990s, scientists discovered a non-classical sequence of containing subcutaneums, and a whole new type of shear began to enter the scientist's field of view.
in a subsequent study, scientists gradually identified the nucleic acid composition of the new shear, in which U11, U12, U4atac, U6atac four new snRNAs were involved in the identification and shearing of the inclusions.
Because this non-classical inclusion accounts for less than 1%, such inclusions are called rare inclusions (or U12 dependent inclusions), catalytic of this new shear that contains subcutts in this class is named - secondary shears.
", although the rare inclusions cut by secondary shears are extremely low, these genes are closely related to many important cellular basic life activities.
many human diseases are associated with secondary shears and rare inclusions, such as growth hormone deficiency, neutrinosis disorders, and bone marrow proliplation syndrome, Wan said.
, however, the study of U12-dependent inclusions and secondary shears has been slow to develop, and there has been no answer to the key scientific questions such as protein composition and remodeling regulation of secondary shears.
a very important step in this research -- how to capture and purify secondary shears is a huge challenge for related research.
A complete secondary shear capture and purification method for the first time" In the absence of any literature related to the capture and purification of secondary shears, it is urgent to explore and establish the capture and purification methods of secondary shears.
, " said Bai.
Shi Igong Research Group's white slug and WanYu Xue long-term engaged in the purification and structure of the shear body research work, accumulated a large number of shear structure research experience.
based on research experience and the specificity of secondary shears to identify bits, the team designed a new U12-dependent pre-mRNA for the first time.
, by improving the experimental conditions of the in-body shear reaction of the previous person, it was successfully determined that the pre-mRNA of the U12-dependent type was highly specific and highly efficient in shearing.
" because of the very low content of secondary shears, how to further obtain samples of secondary shears of good nature has become a major difficulty in this study.
, " said Bai.
On the basis of purification of the original shear body, further exploration and improvement, and finally established a complete set of secondary shear body capture and purification method for the first time, successfully obtained a protein sample of the secondary shear body in the active state, and then Using single-particle frozen electromirror technology, the world's first frozen electromirror structure of secondary shears was reconstructed with a total resolution of 2.9 E, and an atomic model of the first secondary shear was constructed, consisting of 4 RNAs and 45 proteins.
" as the first to reveal the structure of human secondary shear body research, the establishment of the capture and purification of secondary shear body method, identification of the composition of participating secondary shears of the new protein, etc. , will have an important impact on the U12-dependent RNA shear molecular mechanism of the study.
future, the research team will focus on the field of secondary shears to further explore their molecular mechanisms, regulatory paths and functional significance, Bai said.