Nat Commun: Antibodies against the common cold coronavirus may prevent COVID-19 infection

Recently, the world has suffered a new round of new coronavirus ravages
.

Delta mutant strains are "dominant" all over the world.

Recently, the Barcelona Institute of Global Health published a research report titled "Seven-month kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and role of pre-existing antibodies to human coronaviruses" in Nature Communications.
The research pointed out that for SARS- The IgG antibody level of CoV-2 Spike protein remains stable seven months after the patient is infected, and may even continue to increase.
At the same time, the pre-existing antibodies due to the common cold coronavirus (HCoV) may prevent COVID-19 infection
.

This research will provide reference and guiding significance for vaccine development and the selection of donors for hyperimmune serum transfusion therapy

The study conducted a 7-month follow-up of a group of medical staff.
A total of 578 participants, including symptomatic and asymptomatic infections, had experienced common flu before contracting the new coronavirus.
These samples were collected at four different time points between March and October 2020
.

The researchers used the Luminex detector to quantify the levels of IgM, IgA, and IgG against 6 SARS-CoV-2 antigens and 4 HCoV (229E, NL63, OC43, and HKU1) antigens, and evaluated their antibodies by flow cytometry Neutralizing ability

First, the researchers drew the SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific isotype (IgM, IgA, IgG) level versus time in 235 samples of 76 symptomatic infections
.

The results showed that IgA or IgM peaked within the first month of the onset of new coronary symptoms, while IgG peaked around the 50th day

From about 150 days after the symptoms of most participants appeared, the researchers observed an increase in antibody levels
.

At the same time, at the sixth month of follow-up, that is, after a period of recovery from the new coronavirus infection, their body's antibody increase index is higher.

The development trend of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after the onset of COVID-19 infection symptoms

The development trend of SARS-CoV-2 antibody after the appearance of COVID-19 infection symptoms The development trend of SARS-CoV-2 antibody after the appearance of COVID-19 infection symptoms

Next, the researchers compared the levels of antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 antigen and the common influenza coronavirus HCoV N protein antigen in the participants
.

The results show that the plasma samples before being infected by the new coronavirus have a certain degree of antibody reactivity to the SARS-CoV-2 antigen, especially to its N protein.

In addition, studies have shown that the amino acid pairing similarity and homology of the full-length SARS-CoV-2 N protein and seasonal HCoV are 36% and 26.
4% of 229E, 39.
1% and 27% of NL63, and 48.
1% of OC43.
And 35.
7%, 47% and 35.
2% of HKU136
.

Therefore, the researchers analyzed the HCoV N antigen antibody levels of 33 participants who had seroconversion positive during the study period before and after the new crown infection

Effect of Anti-HCoV Antibody Level on SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response

The effect of anti-HCoV antibody level on SARS-CoV-2 antibody response The effect of anti-HCoV antibody level on SARS-CoV-2 antibody response

As a result, the researchers investigated whether a high baseline level of anti-HCoV N antibodies can prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection
.

They observed that the anti-HCoV N IgA and IgG levels of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected persons were higher than those of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected persons

In general, with regard to antibodies against human common influenza coronavirus (HCoV), the results of this study indicate that they can provide cross-protection against COVID-19 infection
.
However, the study also has certain limitations.
Among the subjects this time, the number of severely ill patients with new coronary infection is small, and more detailed sample data cannot be provided.
This requires more studies to confirm the anti-HCoV antibody and SARS-CoV- 2 The causal relationship between immune response protection after infection
.
And Carlota Doba, the author of the study? o also said: “Although the cross-protection of the pre-existing immunity against the common influenza coronavirus remains to be further confirmed, this may help explain the huge difference in the susceptibility of patients with mild, moderate and severe diseases to COVID-19 in the population
.
"

Original source:

Original source:

Ortega, N.
, Ribes, M.
, Vidal, M.
et al.
Seven-month kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and role of pre-existing antibodies to human coronaviruses.
Nat Commun 12, 4740 (2021).
https: //doi.
org/10.
1038/s41467-021-24979-9.

Seven-month kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and role of pre-existing antibodies to human coronaviruses.
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