Nat Commun: Single-cell analysis reveals different immune conditions for transplanted tumors and primary sarcoma and affects the effectiveness of immunotherapy

Many cancer patients receive radiotherapy (RT) to treat or relieve symptoms.
previous studies have shown that immunotherapy does not cure most cancer patients.
preclinical studies have shown that local RT therapy can produce a systemic anti-tumor immune response by synergy with immuno-checkpoint inhibitors.
, however, most preclinical immunotherapy studies focused on transplant tumor models, showing higher cure rates after combined immuno-checkpoint blocking and RT.
the model overestimates patient responses and leads to disappointing results in many clinical trials.
Blocking PD-1 combined radiotherapy can cure transplanted tumors but not primary sarcoma In this study, researchers found that transplant sarcoma can be cured by blocking PD-1 combined radiotherapy, but the treatment strategy failed in primary sarcoma, indicating immune editing, reduced expression of new antigens, and tumor-specific immune tolerance.
tumors and treatments promoted the remodeling of bone marrow cells, and researchers further identified tumor-immersion-related immune cells in transplant tumors and primary tumors, and revealed significant differences in their immune status.
that although radiotherapy has reshaped bone marrow cells in both models, only transplanted tumors are rich in activated CD8-T cells.
mouse models showed that primary mouse sarcoma had a similar immune microenvironment to most human-sourced sarcoma, while transplanted sarcoma was similar to the most inflammatory human-sourced sarcoma.
, the results of the study found a unique immune micro-environment that evolved with the immune system in mouse sarcoma.
also revealed that patients with sarcoma esophysiotherapies similar to transplanted tumors were better able to improve prognosis by blocking a combined treatment of PD-1 and radiotherapy.
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