Nat Neurosci: Immune cells accelerate normal brain aging

Aging is a necessary stage of life process, and the central nervous system is one of the most affected by aging system.
, cognitive decline associated with brain aging has become a major threat to the health of older people.
normal aging is accompanied by a decrease in the number of toothed regeneration prescient cells, a key area of nerve occurrence.
in the aging brain, more than 70 percent of new neuro prescient cells do not survive and grow into mature neurons, and cognitive function in the brain is reduced in a way that occurs.
the process of aging is accompanied by an increase in systemic inflammation in the body, it is not clear whether the immune system is involved and plays a role in the normal brain aging process.
Liu Qiang of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital published an article in the journal Neuroblast senescence in the old brain augments natural kill cell cytoxicity to impaired neurogenesis and cognition, using the classic method, that is, normal human brain tissue combined with a new high-qualm method, to reveal the relationship between immunity and brain aging.
by comparing the immune markers of brain tissue in younger and older people, the researchers found that immune cells, represented by natural killer (NK) cells, gradually increased in the human brain as they grew older.
these cells are mostly located in the toothed back region of the brain and are close to neuro prea storks (Figure 1).
combined with single-cell sequencing and proteomic techniques, the team further discovered a variety of aging-related esomehea, including lebinin 27 (IL-27), in the high expression of partially aging neuro prescient cells.
confirmed by genetic coding and genealogy tracer that these immune factors activate and amplification of aggregated immune cells in the brain.
In addition, evidence such as RNA sequencing and immunosequencing suggests that aging causes the main tissue-compatible complex Class I molecule (MHC-I) on the surface of neuro preamble cells to be reduced, resulting in a loss of immune tolerance, thereby activating immunosuppression during normal brain aging and damaging nerve precipitate cells (Figure I).
the immune cells in the aging brain through immunologic interventions, which can promote the survival of nerve prescient cells and improve cognitive function.
I, normal brain aging triggers immune surveillance to cause nerve damage (Figure 1 Source: Nat Neurosci. 2020 Nov 30. DOI: 10.1038/s41593-020-00745-w）。
In the past decade, international research on neuro-inflammation in neurological diseases has made some progress, but in the special environment of normal aging, it is still unclear whether neuro-inflammation is a "bystander" or an "active participant", and there are a number of problems that need to be solved.
, why do immune cells invade the brain during aging? Second, how does the aging brain affect immune cells as a special micro-environment? In addition, what role do immune cells play in brain aging? To answer these scientific questions, the team comprehensively analyzed the esoteric and functionality of immune cells in the aging brain and discovered organ-specific factors that modify immune cells in the aging brain, revealing the mechanisms by which aging triggers immune surveillance, as well as the specific effects of immune cells on aging-related nerve occurrence and cognitive decline.
regions of the aging brain, the absence of immune tolerance causes nerve prescient cells to be purged by immune cells represented by NK cells (Figure 2).
These studies provide new prevention and intervention strategies for improving nerve repair and cognitive function by providing a deeper understanding of inflammatory aging and exploring ways to build immune tolerance and promote the survival of neuron prebiotic cells in old age diseases.
, immune cells and neuro prescient cells in the aging brain.
In the neurogenesome regions of the aging brain, the absence of immune tolerance causes nerve prescient cells (pictured, purple cells with protrusions) to be removed by immune cells represented by NK cells (pictured, blue spherical cells) (Figure 2 Source: Research Team).