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    Home > Active Ingredient News > Digestive System Information > Nature: A novel class of antigen-presenting cells establishes intestinal immune tolerance early in life

    Nature: A novel class of antigen-presenting cells establishes intestinal immune tolerance early in life

    • Last Update: 2022-09-20
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    The thymus gland is an important lymphatic organ of the body, and its function is closely related to immunity, consisting of


    It is well known that a healthy immune system can resist foreign substances that are "visited" at any time, such as attacking and destroying invading bacteria, viruses, etc.


    Within the thymus, myeloid epithelial cells (mTEC) expressing autoimmune regulators (Aire) play a key role


    At the heart of establishing tolerance to the gut microbiome is the differentiation of naïve T cells into peripheral Treg (pTreg) cells


    On September 7, 2022, researchers at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and The Will Cornell School of Medicine in New York, USA, published a research paper


    The study identified a new class of antigen-presenting cells expressing the characteristic transcription factor RORγt in the intestinal lymph nodes, and revealed its parallel pathways to establish tolerance to self and foreign antigens in the thymus and peripherals, respectively, and the key role played, providing a cellular basis


    In the new study, the team discovered a new class of RORγt+ antigen-presenting cells (APCs), called Thetis cells (TCs


    The team found that during the critical early life window, the Thetis cells in the intestinal lymph nodes experienced a wave of developmental peaks, which coincided


    In the study, the researchers analyzed 3-week-old MHCIIΔRORγt mice, when peripheral Treg (pTreg) cells were enriched


    Histological analysis showed that severe colitis had significant inflammatory cell infiltration, mucosal ulceration and crypt shedding, confirming the key role


    By identifying specific genes for cell types, the researchers selectively targeted either classical dendritic cells (cDC) or type 3 innate lymphocytes (ILC3), confirming that neither cDC nor ILC3 contributed to


    The researchers said that while the exact development of individual Thetis cells remains to be determined, one notable finding is the expression


    Within the thymus, Aire+mTEC guides T cell tolerance


    In summary, the new study discovered a new class of tolerant antigen-presenting cell types


    The team said further exploration of Thetis cell biology could yield key insights into immune tolerance mechanisms and the pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases


    Original source:

    Akagbosu, B.


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