Nature: Can breastfeeding regulate the implantation of neonatal enteroviruses?

Healthy newborns usually have no viruses in their intestines at birth, but soon there are different viral bacteria, which in some cases can cause some babies to suffer from gastrointestinal diseases in the first few months of life and even affect life and healthhow did these viruses come to the top and be planted in the baby's intestines? Will the mode of delivery and feeding have an effect on the disease?, researchers from the University of Pennsylvania recently conducted a study of the origin and implantation of the early intestinal virus in newborns, and found that the early implantation of the infant enterovirus is gradual, the first stage induces the production of early bacterial phages, and the second stage of the virus infecting human cells, which can inhibit the accumulation of enteroviruses through breastfeeding, reducing the occurrence of enterovirus infection and viral gastroenteritis in infantsThe study was published april 15 in Natureto study early viral implantation, the researchers analyzed fecal samples from 3 periods after birth in 20 Healthy African-American infants using fluorescent stainingThe results showed that virus-like particles (VLP) were not detected in the infant's early feces, but at 1 month's age, VLP reached 1.6 x 109 per 10g of feces, similar to the number of VLP at 4 months of age, close to the number of viral-sampled particles in the intestines of adults, and may persist throughout life thereafterthen researchers used qPCR and macrogenome sequencing to analyze the microbiome of virus-rich samples to study the origin of viral populationsIt was found that bacterial richness and bacterial diversity were strongly positively correlated with VLP count, viral richness and viral diversityEarly in life, pioneering bacteria (including metamorphosis, linebacteria, pyeria and thick-walled bacteria) are implanted in the infant's intestines and then induce mild phages to develop gradually, becoming the main population in the intestines a month laterBy the fourth month, viruses that can infect human cells (including herpes viruses, adenoviruses, rings, cup viruses, and small RNA viruses) are emergingThe detection and characteristics of VLP in infant intestinal fecal samplesthe researchers then quantitative and genome sequencing of VLP produced by cultured 24 infant feces, and found that after phage-induced, bacteria in the infant's intestines were able to produce higher levels of VLP, and the virus group was consistent with those detected in the fecal samples, indicating that the virus production was caused by phage inductionphage induced to produce early-stage viruses
researchers also compared the correlation between the characteristics of VLP data in 125 infant feces and feeding history, delivery patterns, and so onNo significant effect was found on the delivery pattern, and compared with 30% of formula-fed infants who tested positive for the virus infected with human cells, only 9% of infants who were fed in combination with breast milk and formula were positive, and the increase in mild phages of probiotic bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus, indicating that breastfeeding inhibited viral implantation and accumulation and protected intestinal health breastfeeding and infant enterovirus in short, neonatal enteroviruses are gradually produced at an early stage, and immune-rich breastfeeding can inhibit the virology of infants, and this result also provides a new strategy for the prevention of early gastrointestinal diseases Original source for : Guanxiang Liang, Chunyu Zhao, et al.T he stepwise assembly of the snal virome is modulated by the Nature Published: 15 April 2020 Source: Biodiscovery