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The cell-secreted type of collagen remains dormant and wakes up when collagen levels drop
.
Mount Sinai researchers have solved a major mystery in cancer research: how cancer cells stay dormant for years after they leave a tumor and move to other parts of the body, before waking up to produce metastatic cancer
.
According to the findings, published in the journal Nature Cancer in December, these cells keep quiet by secreting a type of collagen called type III collagen in the environment around them, only when collagen levels gradually increase.
It becomes malignant when it descends
"Our findings have potential clinical implications and may lead to a novel biomarker to predict tumor recurrence, as well as therapeutic interventions to reduce local and distant recurrence
.
" Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai Medicine (Hematology and Medical Oncology) said senior author Jose Javier Bravo-Cordero,
Most cancer deaths are due to metastasis, which can occur years after the tumor is removed
.
Previous research has looked at how discrete tumor cells can recover from dormancy; this new study shows how cells remain dormant
The study used high-resolution imaging techniques, including intravital two-photon microscopy, which can visualize the environment of dormant cells in living animals in real time
.
This technique allows researchers to track dormant tumor cells in mouse models using breast cancer, head and neck cancer cell lines
In patient samples, the researchers found that high levels of collagen could serve as a potential predictor of tumor recurrence and metastasis
.
In mouse models, when the scientists increased the amount of type III collagen around tumor cells, cancer progression was interrupted, and disseminated cells were forced into a dormant state
references:
“A tumor-derived type III collagen-rich ECM niche regulates tumor cell dormancy” by Julie S.
Di Martino, Ana Rita Nobre, Chandrani Mondal, Isra Taha, Eduardo F.
Farias, Elana J.
