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As soon as the Spring Festival is over, although there are friends who call that they have lost weight (True Fan!), but Odd-Point Cake thinks, more friends who feel a little heavier after eating delicious food during the holiday.
Taking advantage of the warmth of spring, a good time for exercise and fitness is here again.
As we all know, exercise has many benefits.
The improvement of appearance and physical fitness is the first, the prevention of various diseases is the second, and the third is that proper exercise can also improve the body's immune function.
A new study published this week in the journal Nature found [1] that exercise is a key factor in maintaining the bone marrow niche and has a vital role in bone production and immune cell production.
In mice that lack exercise, the number of various immune cells has decreased, and the body's ability to eliminate pathogens has also decreased.
Source | The story of pixabay has to be told from the bone marrow.
Bone marrow is very important for immunity, because it contains many stem cells and progenitor cells (HSPC) related to hematopoiesis and immunity.
For these HSPCs to function normally, they also need the support of many "infrastructure" cells.
The environment formed by these stromal cells is called the bone marrow niche.
For adult mice, cells expressing the leptin receptor LepR and endothelial cells are the main sources of growth factors for maintaining HSPC, including stem cell growth factor 1 (SCF1), CXCL12, pleiotrophin and so on.
LepR+ cells are also important for maintaining common lymphocyte progenitor cells (CLP).
However, LepR+ cells also include several different cells, and further classification is needed to explore its maintenance of niches.
The researchers performed gene expression analysis on LepR+ cells and found another reliable marker, osteocoagulant protein (Oln).
The LepR+ cell subgroups delineated by Oln as a marker are mainly located around small arteries.
They are a type of osteoblast progenitor cells with a shorter life span and faster division, which play a very important role in bone regeneration.
The researchers tried to modify the mice and knock out the SCF gene in Oln+ cells.
The results showed that Oln+ cells did not express SCF and had no significant effect on the number of bone marrow and spleen cells, including differentiated B cells, T cells, megakaryocytes, red blood cells, etc.
The proportions were also normal.
In fact, Oln+SCF-cells have no effect on most stem cells and progenitor cells, but only one special type of hematopoietic progenitor cells has greatly reduced the number-it is common lymphocyte progenitor cells (CLP).
The researchers infected Oln+SCF- mice with the pathogenic bacterium Listeria monocytogenes.
In Oln+SCF- mice, the expansion of immune cell progenitor cells is poor, including the number of immune cells such as B, T, NK, etc.
, and the ability to eliminate bacteria is impaired, and the survival rate of mice is also reduced.
.
In other words, due to the decrease in CLP, Oln+SCF- mice could not produce enough lymphocytes at all, and the immune function became worse.
Knockout of SCF, the immune cells are reduced, and the survival rate of mice against bacterial infections is reduced.
(Green) Oln+ cells are progenitor cells of osteoblasts, and exercise helps to stimulate bone production.
Therefore, researchers also try to test whether Exercise can promote the increase of CLP.
Sure enough, after adding a running wheel to the mice, most of the hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells of the mice running every day did not change, but the proportion of CLP in the long bones increased significantly.
If the hind legs of a mouse are lifted and the mechanical stimulation to the hind limbs is reduced, the bone density and thickness of the mouse’s backing are reduced, and Oln+ cells and CLP cells are also significantly reduced.
This shows that exercise is necessary to maintain CLP and niche.
Exercise (top) and non-exercise (bottom) have a great impact on the maintenance of CLP.
This part of the function is achieved by the mechanically sensitive ion channel protein Piezo1.
The amount of CLP in mice lacking this protein is abnormally low.
Exercise activates osteoblast progenitor cells to express SCF through Piezo1, maintain CLP, and participate in the regulation of immunity.
This is a completely new mechanism pathway.
Next, researchers need to continue to explore whether exercise can really improve the elimination of pathogens by mouse immunity, and whether this effect is consistent with other bacteria and viruses, and whether it can help enhance vaccination.
Reference materials: [1]https:// Author of this article | Dai Siyu
Taking advantage of the warmth of spring, a good time for exercise and fitness is here again.
As we all know, exercise has many benefits.
The improvement of appearance and physical fitness is the first, the prevention of various diseases is the second, and the third is that proper exercise can also improve the body's immune function.
A new study published this week in the journal Nature found [1] that exercise is a key factor in maintaining the bone marrow niche and has a vital role in bone production and immune cell production.
In mice that lack exercise, the number of various immune cells has decreased, and the body's ability to eliminate pathogens has also decreased.
Source | The story of pixabay has to be told from the bone marrow.
Bone marrow is very important for immunity, because it contains many stem cells and progenitor cells (HSPC) related to hematopoiesis and immunity.
For these HSPCs to function normally, they also need the support of many "infrastructure" cells.
The environment formed by these stromal cells is called the bone marrow niche.
For adult mice, cells expressing the leptin receptor LepR and endothelial cells are the main sources of growth factors for maintaining HSPC, including stem cell growth factor 1 (SCF1), CXCL12, pleiotrophin and so on.
LepR+ cells are also important for maintaining common lymphocyte progenitor cells (CLP).
However, LepR+ cells also include several different cells, and further classification is needed to explore its maintenance of niches.
The researchers performed gene expression analysis on LepR+ cells and found another reliable marker, osteocoagulant protein (Oln).
The LepR+ cell subgroups delineated by Oln as a marker are mainly located around small arteries.
They are a type of osteoblast progenitor cells with a shorter life span and faster division, which play a very important role in bone regeneration.
The researchers tried to modify the mice and knock out the SCF gene in Oln+ cells.
The results showed that Oln+ cells did not express SCF and had no significant effect on the number of bone marrow and spleen cells, including differentiated B cells, T cells, megakaryocytes, red blood cells, etc.
The proportions were also normal.
In fact, Oln+SCF-cells have no effect on most stem cells and progenitor cells, but only one special type of hematopoietic progenitor cells has greatly reduced the number-it is common lymphocyte progenitor cells (CLP).
The researchers infected Oln+SCF- mice with the pathogenic bacterium Listeria monocytogenes.
In Oln+SCF- mice, the expansion of immune cell progenitor cells is poor, including the number of immune cells such as B, T, NK, etc.
, and the ability to eliminate bacteria is impaired, and the survival rate of mice is also reduced.
.
In other words, due to the decrease in CLP, Oln+SCF- mice could not produce enough lymphocytes at all, and the immune function became worse.
Knockout of SCF, the immune cells are reduced, and the survival rate of mice against bacterial infections is reduced.
(Green) Oln+ cells are progenitor cells of osteoblasts, and exercise helps to stimulate bone production.
Therefore, researchers also try to test whether Exercise can promote the increase of CLP.
Sure enough, after adding a running wheel to the mice, most of the hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells of the mice running every day did not change, but the proportion of CLP in the long bones increased significantly.
If the hind legs of a mouse are lifted and the mechanical stimulation to the hind limbs is reduced, the bone density and thickness of the mouse’s backing are reduced, and Oln+ cells and CLP cells are also significantly reduced.
This shows that exercise is necessary to maintain CLP and niche.
Exercise (top) and non-exercise (bottom) have a great impact on the maintenance of CLP.
This part of the function is achieved by the mechanically sensitive ion channel protein Piezo1.
The amount of CLP in mice lacking this protein is abnormally low.
Exercise activates osteoblast progenitor cells to express SCF through Piezo1, maintain CLP, and participate in the regulation of immunity.
This is a completely new mechanism pathway.
Next, researchers need to continue to explore whether exercise can really improve the elimination of pathogens by mouse immunity, and whether this effect is consistent with other bacteria and viruses, and whether it can help enhance vaccination.
Reference materials: [1]https:// Author of this article | Dai Siyu
