Nature interpretation! For the first time, the link between gut bacteri groups and changes in the dynamics of the human body's immune system!

November 29, 2020 // -- In a recent study published in the international journal Nature entitled "The Gut microbita is associated with cell dynamics in humans", scientists from institutions such as memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center have revealed a link between the body's microbiome and the immune system, and researchers have for the first time found that changes in the concentration of different types of immune cells in the blood are directly related to the presence of different microbes in the intestines.
recent years, the body's microbiome has attracted the attention of scientists, in part because it is easy to study and is directly related to many aspects of human health.
the study, researchers found for the first time that intestinal bacteri groups directly shape the composition of the human body's immune system, specifically by changing the concentration of different types of immune cells in the blood directly related to the presence of different cytostypes in the intestines, and researchers looked at more than 2,000 patients over a decade. Now the scientific community has accepted the importance of gut bacterios to the health of the human immune system, but their hypothesis comes from animal studies that allow researchers to track changes in the body's microbiome in patients undergoing blood cancer treatment, said researcher Joao Xavier.
the data used by the researchers came from patients receiving isogenetic stem cells and bone marrow transplants (BMTs), and when blood cancer cells were destroyed with intense chemotherapy or radiotherapy, the patient's body's hematopoietic system was replaced by stem cells from the donor, who were highly susceptible to infection during the first few weeks of the donor's blood cells were established, during which time patients were often treated with antibiotics to protect them.
But many antibiotics often have unnecessary side effects that disrupt healthy bacteria in the gut, allowing dangerous microbes to dominate, and when the patient's body's immune system is rebuilt, researchers stop using antibiotics and the gut bacteria slowly begin to grow.
Photo Source: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Researcher Schluter points out that parallel recovery of the immune system and microbiome gives us an opportunity to analyze the association between the two systems; for more than a decade, researchers have been regularly collecting and analyzing blood and feces samples from patients receiving BMT, and the results show that scientists can find a lot of information from feces, and researchers collect samples from many patients each year and observe changes in their bacteria.
In previous studies, researchers analyzed samples to show how gut microbiomes affect the health of patients during BMT, and in a study published in February 2020, researchers found that having a diverse intestinal bacterus was directly related to a reduced risk of death in patients after BMT, and that having a lower diversity of microbiomes in the pre-transplant body or a higher incidence of anti-host transplants was directly related to a potentially fatal complication, immune cell attack on the body's immune cells.
The researchers used machine learning algorithms to dig deep into patients' electronic health records and obtain meaningful data on the types of immune cells present in the blood, information about the treatments patients receive, and the side effects they experience, and this study may eventually help researchers come up with new ways to make BMTs safer by regulating the microbiome.
Schluter points out that because experiments on populations are often less likely, we can only observe what we can observe, but because we have collected a lot of data over time, we can see pattern changes when the patient's immune system and microbiome begin to change significantly, which may be a good start, and dogs help the couple understand the effects of the microbiome on rebuilding the body's immune system.
The purpose of this study is not to say whether a particular microbiome is good or bad for the body's immune system, but it will be a focus of future research, and there is a very complex relationship between the two, and we hope that the subtypes of the increased or decreased immune cells will vary from day to day, depending on what happens to our body, and importantly, now we have the means to start studying this complex ecosystem."
later this year, researchers will use more in-depth research to study the secrets of the immune system in patients receiving other cancer treatments.
() References: Schluter, J., Peled, J.U., Taylor, B.P. et al. The gut microbiota is associated with immune cell dynamics in humans. Nature (2020). doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2971-8【2】Study is the first to link microbiota to dynamics of the human immune systemby Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center。