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    Home > Biochemistry News > Biotechnology News > Nature: it is revealed that pgrmc2 protein is a heme chaperone, which is abundant in adipose tissue, which is helpful to develop new methods for treating diabetes and other diseases

    Nature: it is revealed that pgrmc2 protein is a heme chaperone, which is abundant in adipose tissue, which is helpful to develop new methods for treating diabetes and other diseases

    • Last Update: 2019-12-20
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    A signal protein called pgrmc2 (progesterone receiver component 2) has not been widely studied in the past It is found in the uterus, the liver, and several other parts of the body Now, in a new study, researchers from the Scripps Institute in the United States found that the protein is abundant in fat tissue, especially in brown fat, which converts food into calories to maintain body temperature This opens the door to a new understanding of obesity and metabolism Their findings may also lead to new ways to treat obesity and many other underlying diseases The relevant research results were recently published in the Nature journal, the title of the paper is "pgrmc2 is an intractable haem champion critical for adipocyte function" The corresponding author is Enrique Saez, Ph.D., of Scripps Institute Healthy brown fat cells (green) need enough heme molecules to allow the body to metabolize food normally The picture is from Scripps Research Important role: Saez and his team's new study, a tour guide for heme, build on their recent discovery that pgrmc2 binds and releases an essential molecule called heme This iron-containing molecule migrates within cells, enabling vital life processes such as cell respiration, cell proliferation, cell death, and circadian rhythms By using biochemical techniques and advanced assays in cells, Saez and his team found that pgrmc2 is the "companion" of heme, wrapping the molecule and transporting it from the cell's mitochondria, where heme is produced, to the nucleus, where it helps perform important functions In the absence of this protective partner, heme reacts with all the molecules in its transport pathway and suffers damage "The importance of heme for many cellular processes has long been known," Saez said However, we have also known that heme is toxic to the cell substances around it, so we need some kind of shuttle way Many hypotheses have been put forward before, but no heme transporting protein has been found A new way to treat obesity? By studying mice, the Saez team identified pgrmc2 as the first intracellular heme partner to be described in mammals But they didn't stop there; they tried to figure out what would happen in the body if the protein that transports heme didn't exist This is their next major finding: in the absence of pgrmc2 in adipose tissue, mice fed a high-fat diet are intolerant to glucose and insulin, typical symptoms of diabetes and other metabolic diseases In contrast, obese diabetic mice treated with drugs that activate pgrmc2 showed significant improvement in diabetes related symptoms "We observed that these mice became better, more tolerant to glucose and less resistant to insulin," Saez said Our findings suggest that regulation of pgrmc2 activity in adipose tissue may be a useful pharmacological method for reversing some of the serious health effects of obesity " Dr Andrea galmozzi, the first author of the paper, said the Saez team also evaluated how the protein altered other functions of brown and white fat "The first surprising finding is that brown fat looks white," he said Brown fat is usually the adipose tissue with the highest heme content and is generally considered "good fat" One of its main functions is to generate heat to maintain body temperature In mice whose adipose tissue failed to produce pgrmc2, their body temperature dropped rapidly when they were exposed to cold conditions "Even if the brains of these mice send the right signals to turn on heat, they can't maintain their body temperature," galmozzi said Without heme, mitochondrial dysfunction occurs, and cells cannot burn energy to produce heat " Saez believes that activating this heme partner in other organs, including the liver, may help reduce the effects of other metabolic disorders such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) A lot of heme is produced in the liver At present, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is a major cause of liver transplantation "We would like to know if this protein plays the same role in other tissues because we have observed that heme deficiency can lead to disease there," Saez said Reference materials: 1 Andrea galmozzi et al, pgrmc2 is an intractable haem champion critical for Adobe function, nature (2019) Doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1774-2 2 Little known protein appears to play important role in visibility and metric release https://mediaexpress.com/news/2019-11-little-known-protect-important-role-objective.html
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