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    Home > Biochemistry News > Biotechnology News > "Nature" published 5 articles in a row revealing Omi Keron's resistance to antibodies and vaccines

    "Nature" published 5 articles in a row revealing Omi Keron's resistance to antibodies and vaccines

    • Last Update: 2022-01-09
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    Existing new coronavirus vaccines and new coronavirus monoclonal antibodies (proteins that target and neutralize the new coronavirus) work by recognizing the spike protein of the new coronavirus, which is also the site where the new coronavirus enters human cells


    On December 24, "Nature" published five papers on the effectiveness of various vaccines and antibodies against the Omi Keron variant of the new coronavirus, and these papers have been peer reviewed


    Omi Keron can escape most of the existing neutralizing antibodies of the new coronavirus

    Xie Xiaoliang, a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a professor at the Joint Center for Life Sciences of Peking University, and his collaborators used a new screening technique to map the mutations of the Ome Keron spike protein RBD.


    Xie Xiaoliang and others screened 247 kinds of human neutralizing antibodies and found that Omi Keron can escape more than 85% of the antibodies


    They also found that Omi Keron can greatly destroy the neutralizing activity of antibody drugs etesevimab-bamlanivimab cocktail therapy, REGEN-COV cocktail therapy, cilgavimab-tixagevimab cocktail therapy and aubarvimab antibody


    However, the author stated that the monoclonal antibodies sotrovimab and DXP-604 are still useful for Omi Keron, but their effectiveness will be reduced


    A number of other studies published this time also show a similar tendency for the mutant strain of Omi Keron to escape from existing antibodies


    The Omi Keron variant exhibits surprising antibody escape

    He Dayi and colleagues of Columbia University in the United States also reported that the new crown pneumonia vaccine and therapies are much less effective for Omi Keron


    The author investigated the four main COVID-19 vaccines-Pfizer-Biotech vaccine, Modena vaccine, Johnson & Johnson vaccine, and AstraZeneca vaccine.


    He Dayi et al.


    The author also reported four new mutations (S371L, N440K, G446S and Q493R) of the Omi Keron spike protein.


    There are a large number of escapes in the neutralization effect of the Ome Keron variants on antibodies

    Olivier Schwartz of the University of Paris and the Pasteur Institute, France, and colleagues isolated an Omi Keron virus from an individual in Belgium, and analyzed the effect of the virus on 9 species that are currently approved for clinical use or are still in development.


    The results of the study found that the Omi Keron variant can completely or partially resist the neutralizing effect of all monoclonal antibodies in the experiment


    In the serum collected five months after the second injection of Pfizer-Biotech vaccine (16 people) or AstraZeneca vaccine (18 people), no antiviral activity against Omi Keron was detected


    These preliminary analyses are all based on the sera of vaccinators or those who have recovered from infection, but the authors pointed out that the sample size of these sera is small, and they only analyzed two vaccines, Pfizer-Biotech and AstraZeneca


    Omi Keron has an obvious but incomplete escape to the neutralizing effect of Pfizer vaccine

    Alex Sigal and colleagues of the Durban Institute of African Health in South Africa used the plasma samples of 19 South African participants who had received two doses of the Pfizer-biotech vaccine BNT162b2 2 to investigate whether Ome Keron had escaped from antibody neutralization


    The authors observed that, compared with the original strain of the virus, the neutralizing effect of Omi Keron stimulated by the vaccine was reduced by 22 times
    .
    However, the samples of participants who had a history of new coronavirus infection and were vaccinated retained some of the neutralizing activity against Omi Keron, and its activity level was comparable to that of participants who had only been vaccinated against the original new coronavirus strain.
    The level is comparable
    .

    Broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies can cope with Omi Keron antigen conversion

    Research by Davide Corti of Swiss biomedical company Humabs BioMed SA and collaborators also revealed evidence that Omikeron's immune escape ability may be stronger than the previous new coronavirus lineage
    .
    They tested the binding of the Omi Keron receptor binding domain (RBD) to the human ACE2 receptor-RBD is a part of the spike protein that can help the new coronavirus enter the host cell, and the ACE2 receptor is a major part of RBD Combine goals
    .
    Studies have shown that compared with the strain isolated in Wuhan, the binding affinity of Omi Keron's RBD to human ACE2 has been enhanced (increased by about 2.
    4 times)
    .

    The author also studied the activity of monoclonal antibodies that have been approved or are under development against the new coronavirus infection against the Omi Keron pseudovirus (a new coronavirus model)
    .
    Among the eight therapeutic monoclonal antibodies tested in the study, most of them completely lost their neutralizing activity to Omi Keron; the effectiveness of two monoclonal antibodies (combined) was reduced by about 100 times, one monoclonal antibody ( The effectiveness of sotrovimab) has dropped by a factor of three
    .
    The research team also expanded the scope of screening and screened another 36 neutralizing antibodies.
    Among all 44 monoclonal antibodies tested, only 6 still have potent neutralizing activity against Omi Keron.
    They are respectively Yes: sotrovimab, S2K146, S2X324, S2N28, S2X259 and S2H97
    .
    Among 29 monoclonal antibodies that target specific regions of RBD (receptor binding motifs), 26 have a significant decrease in the neutralizing activity of Omi Keron
    .

    The researchers also compared the activity of the vaccine or infection-induced antibodies to inhibit the Ome Keron pseudovirus and the activity of the pseudovirus from the new coronavirus from Wuhan
    .
    The sampling time is 7-10 months after the last injection (except for Johnson & Johnson vaccine) of the vaccine recipient
    .
    The plasma of convalescent patients or individuals vaccinated with Johnson & Johnson vaccine (only one shot) and Sputnik V vaccine have low or no neutralizing activity to Omi Keron
    .
    The neutralizing activity of Modena, Pfizer-Biotech and AstraZeneca vaccinators against Omi Keron was 33 times, 44 times and 36 times lower than that of the Wuhan isolate
    .

    Related paper information:

    https://

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