Nature review: The incidence of fatty liver-related liver cancer is on the rise, affecting 1/4 of the world's population!

The incidence and prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rising rapidly worldwide.
, the global prevalence of NAFLD is about 25%, from 13% in Africa to 42% in South-East Asia.
NAFLD includes a range of diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFL) or simple fatty degeneration (which is mild), and non-alcoholic fatty hepatitis (NASH), which can develop into cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States are expected to increase the prevalence of NAFLD by as much as 56% between 2016 and 2030, according to a study.
NAFLD is driven by metabolic syndrome and is associated with obesity, insulin resistance and hyperlipidemia.
obesity and insulin resistance lead to chronic inflammation, lipid metabolism changes and promote the occurrence and development of HCC.
, many experts in this field have recommended changing the name of NAFLD to metabolic-related fatty liver disease (MAFLD).
has yet to be unanimously endorsed by the industry.
Generally, NAFLD is thought to be associated with obesity, but a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis published last May in Lancet's lancet-gastroenterology and hepatology found that 40 percent of patients with fatty liver disease are not fat and have a lot of co-merger.
analysis of data from 93 studies in 24 countries and regions covering 10,576,000 subjects found that about 40 percent of global fatty liver patients were non-obese and nearly a third were thin.
, the news of the sudden death of entertainer Zhao Handsome was even more regrettable.
news that liver cancer may have taken his life.
China is a big country of liver cancer, although we do not know the exact cause of Zhao Handsome liver cancer, but it is certain that the incidence of liver cancer caused by NAFLD is rising.
recently, a review published on Nature systematically explained the incidence of NAFLD-related liver cancer.
risk factors for liver cancer associated with NAFLD, the risk factors identified include men, old age, combined diabetes, obesity, smoking history, genetic variation, etc.
obesity are the main drivers of these factors.
independent epidemiological reports released in December 2020 show that 70 to 74 percent of T2DM patients in the United States have NAFLD.
, 6% to 15% of patients had advanced liver fibrosis and 3% to 8% had undiscovered cirrhosis.
, there is ample evidence.
obese patients are 1.4-4.1 times more likely to develop liver cancer than the general population.
obesity and T2DM affect and promote each other.
Academic groups, including the Endocrine Society of America, the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, and the American Association of Gastroenterologists, have issued joint statements calling on people with diabetes not to forget to screen for liver disease.
the proportion of NAFLD-related liver cancers is rising, the global incidence of NAFLD-related liver cancer varies from 1% to 38%.
, countries with higher rates tend to have higher rates of obesity, meaning that the proportion of NAFLD-related liver cancers can increase with the number of obese people.
show that the incidence of liver cancer increased by 75 per cent between 1990 and 2015, with the worst affected areas of morbidity and mortality in East Asia.
, although the main cause of liver cancer is HBV infection, the situation of NALFD-related liver cancer is not optimistic.
, there are nearly 250 million naFLD patients in China, with the aging of the population and the increase in obesity, it is estimated that the prevalence of NAFLD-related liver cancer will increase by 86% between 2016 and 2030! In general, NAFLD patients should take weight loss, smoking cessation and alcohol withdrawal as the primary preventive measures.
studies have shown that weight loss of 10% or more can improve NASH in 90% of patients and reduce liver fibrosis in 45% of patients.
is not currently recommended for the prevention of NAFLD-related liver cancer.
drugs, current studies and meta-analyses have concluded that the use of metformin can reduce the risk of liver cancer by about 50%, but the evidence for NAFLD-related cancers is unclear.
, metformin is not recommended for the time being to prevent NALFD liver cancer.
, aspirin and statins are recognized for their anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenesis and liver fibrosis.
further research is needed to identify the largest benefit groups.
, obesity, diabetes and other metabolic abnormalities are gradually becoming more and more.
, we need to prevent the occurrence of naFLD, from the source to block the occurrence of liver cancer.
: Huang DQ, et al. Global epidemiology of NAFLD-related HCC: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 Dec 21. doi: 10.1038/s41575-020-00381-6. MedSci Original Source: MedSci Original Copyright Notice: All text, images and audio and video materials on this website that indicate "Source: Mets Medicine" or "Source: MedSci Original" are owned by Mets Medicine and are not authorized to be reproduced by any media, website or individual, and are authorized to be reproduced with the words "Source: Mets Medicine".
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