Nature: The mechanism of long-term memory formation

December 10, 2020 // -- Recently, neuroscientists at Harvard Medical School unravented the biological properties of long-term memory and found ways to intervene when age or disease causes memory loss.
results were published in the journal Nature.
the study, the authors describe a newly discovered mechanism in which neurons in adult mice's sea horses regulate the signals they receive from other neurons, a process that is critical for memory consolidation and memory consolidation.
the study was led by Professor Michael Greenberg of the Department of Neurobiology at HMS.
(Photo: www.pixabay.com Greenberg said: "Memory is essential for every aspect of human existence.
how to encode memories that last a lifetime is a fundamental question, and our research has reached the heart of this phenomenon.
" researchers observed that the new experience activated the sea mass nerve sparse group that expresses two genes, Fos and Scg2.
these genes allow neurons to fine-tune input from inhibitory neurons, cells that suppress neuron excitement.
this way, small groups of different neurons can respond to experience and form long-lasting networks with coordinated activities.
, lead author of the study, said: "This mechanism may allow for better dialogue between neurons so that the next time they need memory, they trigger more simultaneously."
we think that this Fos-mediated circuit at the same time activation may be necessary to consolidate memory functions, such as memory recovery during sleep and in the brain.
to form memories, the brain must somehow connect the experience to neurons so that when they are reactivated, they can recall the initial experience.
their study, Greenberg, Yap and their team set out to study the role of the Fos gene in this process.
first discovered in neuron cells by Greenberg and his colleagues in 1986.
fos expression appears within minutes of activating the neuron.
scientists used this feature, using Fos as a marker of recent neuron activity to identify brain cells that regulate thirst and many other behaviors.
scientists speculate that Fos may play a vital role in learning and memory, but the precise function of the gene has been a mystery for decades.
, the researchers exposed mice to new environments and looked at the main cells of the hema.
found that when exposed to new things, relatively sparse groups of neurons expressed Fos.
, they prevented these neurons from expressing Fos, while other cells were unaffected.
researchers studied the difference between neurons that express Fos and neurons that do not express Fos.
they used photogenetics to turn input from different nearby neurons on or off, and they found that the activity of neurons expressing Fos was most affected by two types of intermediate neurons.
The key to these intermediate neurons is that they can regulate when and how many Foss-activated neurons are activated, and when they are excited relative to other neurons in the circuit," Yap said.
, we think, we'll see how Fos actually supports memory processes, especially by coordinating this type of circuit plasticity in the sea mass.
" () Source: Study sheds light onpinning molecular unders of long-term memory Original source: Bidirectional perisomatic resory plasticity of a Fos neuronal network, Nature (2020). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-3031-0 ,