NEJM blockbuster: South Africa mutant strain "smashed" the new crown vaccine! Clinical studies have shown that the adenovirus vector vaccine ChAdOx1 has a protective effect of only 10.4% against mild to moderate infections of mutant strains in South Africa.

In the 2021 new crown pneumonia epidemic, the three words "mutant strain" have become the focus of attention.
For example, the more infectious and lethal British mutant B.
1.
1.
7 mentioned by Singularity Cake two days ago is now again.
It swept across the entire European continent, forcing many countries to shut down once again.

The presence of E484K immune escape mutations that significantly affect the effectiveness of the vaccine is also the target of strict prevention, such as P.
1, P.
2, and N.
9 from the new coronavirus "laboratory" in Brazil, as well as the current immunity.
The South African mutant strain B.
1.
351 [1], with the strongest escape ability, has made the global medical and scientific communities like enemies.

The results of a recent clinical study published in the New England Journal of Medicine confirmed the huge impact of the South African mutant strain on the protective efficacy of the vaccine: In the Phase II clinical study in South Africa, the AstraZeneca/Oxford adenovirus vector vaccine (ChAdOx1), The protective effect against mild to moderate infections caused by B.
1.
351 is only 10.
4%[2]! Although no subjects in the study were hospitalized or died after infection, the 10.
4% protective efficacy is also far lower than the protective efficacy data of ChAdOx1 in the United Kingdom and Brazil.
In the words of the study leader, this "smash hit" became the new crown vaccine development.
At the turning point of the journey, many companies are adjusting vaccines specifically for South African mutant strains.

The South African government also transferred the first batch of 1 million doses of ChAdOx1 vaccine to other countries in Africa because of this research, and replaced it with a Johnson adenovirus vector vaccine with a protection effect of more than 50% in the South African study.

It seems that if you want to overcome the new crown epidemic, it is not enough if you don't adjust the vaccine with the mutant strain.

In theory, the protective efficacy of mRNA vaccines will also be severely affected (Image source: Pixabay) From the timeline, in December last year, the United Kingdom was hit by B.
1.
1.
7 to the second lockdown, which caused various new mutant strains.
High attention from the outside world, but in fact, B.
1.
1.
7 was discovered by British scholars as early as September, but no one was aware of its danger at the time. Several strains with E484K mutations may have appeared earlier.
For example, Brazilian scholars speculated that P.
1/P.
2/N.
9 mutant strains may have been produced between June and August last year.
Since then, P.
1 has spread across Brazil on a large scale, causing Brazil to experience another wave of tragic epidemics.

The Phase II clinical study conducted in South Africa also enrolled more than 2,000 subjects (HIV negative) from late June to early November last year.
At that time, B.
1.
351 had not attracted attention, nor did South African researchers.
Thought about it specifically.

But of the 42 subjects who were diagnosed with the new crown, 39 were all infected with B.
1.
351.

Of these 39 subjects, 20 were in the placebo group and 19 were in the vaccine group.
The 10.
4% protective efficacy was calculated from this data, and the subjects in the vaccine group were already 14 after the second shot.
Today, the immune response is theoretically fully activated.

However, the subjects diagnosed with the new crown have mild to moderate symptoms, which may be related to their median age of only 30 years and relatively healthy physical conditions.

However, the WHO believes that the ChAdOx1 vaccine still has a good effect on preventing severe illness caused by B.
1.
351 infection, so it is still recommended to use the vaccine in countries where B.
1.
351 is prevalent.

The study also used the serum samples of the vaccinators to conduct a pseudovirus and live virus neutralization test.
It was found that the neutralization activity of the vaccinators' serum against B.
1.
351 was better than that of the placebo group, but it was still better when placed in front of B.
1.
351 Not enough to see.

In the face of B.
1.
351, the serum neutralization ability after two injections of the vaccine is not good enough.
The results of this study were published in preprint form before the Spring Festival, which caused many countries to worry about the ChAdOx1 vaccine.
The recent "thrombotic storm" has even increased It caused a large number of European countries to suspend the use of ChAdOx1.
This vaccine, which claims to be the pride of the British Empire, is really troublesome. However, it is not entirely correct to say that the existing vaccines really can’t support B.
1.
351.
In the Phase II study of Novavax recombinant protein vaccine in South Africa, the protective efficacy of B.
1.
351 was still maintained at 55.
4%, which was at least surpassed by the world.
The health organization has a 50% pass line of protection effectiveness, and the infected person has no serious illness or death [3].

And the latest laboratory research also shows that if the new crown vaccine can get B.
1.
351, it may have a "broad-spectrum protection" effect on various new crown mutant strains [4], so Moderna's new mRNA vaccine specifically adjusted for B.
1.
351 mRNA-1273.
351 is highly anticipated, and this vaccine has entered the clinical research stage.

Of course, Singularity Cake thinks that if all countries are really focused on epidemic prevention and don't let the new crown continue to spread wildly, then there is no need to always worry about the mutant strain.

Don't let the new crown become "flu-like".
It's a wave of toss every year, okay? The singularity is hiring people.
The epidemic is not over yet, but the singularity cakes have a big thing.
They have to shout out: Let’s order some new cakes! Singularity has been with you for six years.
The days of chasing the updates of scientific research journals are passing very fast.
The singularity cakes have grown in knowledge and have less hair.
.
.
These years we have experienced immunotherapy, gene editing, artificial intelligence, etc.
The new technology has shown its brilliance, and we have seen more scholars working step by step under historical problems such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes.

There are good studies cheering and shouting, and when the update is not effective, scientists are scolded for not working hard.

Write every day and update every day.
Now we have more than 2,000 original articles! To say that writing is the happiest, but it was turned over by the author of the paper.

The duty cake was praised by a big cow scholar about the key points, accurate interpretation, witty and easy to understand, and was also asked by the big guy if it was a professional eloquent writer.
The feeling at the time was really awesome.
(Akimbo.
jpg).

Now, we are going to try to explore new boundaries.

There are limits to the expressive ability of words, and the breadth and splendor of scientific research deserve to be known to everyone in more forms.

Next, we are going to try to contain the frontiers of science with video, so that everyone can sigh the beauty of life from different angles; at the same time, text is still our sharpest weapon, interesting, vivid and professional articles will go on and on and on.
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We need fresh blood to inject new energy into the singularity.

Come on, become the singularity cake and do a new job with us! These are the little friends we are currently looking for~ If you want to create and innovate with the singularity cakes, come join us.

Please send your resume and works (if any) to: hr@geekheal.
com We are waiting for you at Singularity.

 References: 1.
Wang P, Nair MS, Liu L, et al.
Antibody Resistance of SARS-CoV-2 Variants B.
1.
351 and B.
1.
1.
7 [J].
Nature, 2021.
2.
Madhi SA, Baillie V, Cutland CL, et al.
Efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Covid-19 Vaccine against the B.
1.
351 Variant [J].
New England Journal of Medicine, 2021.
3.
2021.
02.
25.
21252477v14.
header image source: Pixabay Author of this article | Tan Shuo