NEJM: Vitamin D supplements are not helpful in reducing the risk of TB infection in children.

!---- The general population's understanding of tuberculosis may be limited to lin Daiyu, Lu Xun, Lin Huiying and other celebrities, they all died of tuberculosisTuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, which can infect a variety of organs of the body, and is most commonly infected with tuberculosis in the lungsAs an ancient infectious disease, tuberculosis has been plaguing countries around the worldOver the years, scientists have made many achievements in diagnostic technology, drug development and treatment, but tuberculosis remains one of the world's top ten killer diseases, second only to AIDSThe goal of the World Health Organization's End TB Strategy is to reduce the incidence of TB by 80 per cent by 2030 through effective prevention and treatmentAt present, the main task of TB prevention and control is to actively treat active TB in order to reduce the spread of tuberculosisHowever, mathematical models show that this strategy alone does not achieve the goal of reduced morbidity, as active TB accounts for only a small number of TB cases, and most TB cases are caused by the reactivation of mycobacterium tuberculosis latent in asymptomatic populationsIt is estimated that about 1.7 billion people worldwide currently have potential TB infections, of which about 10 per cent may develop TBAlthough TB usually re-occurs in adulthood, initial infections occur most often in childhoodTherefore, if the incidence of TB is to be reduced, some measures need to be taken to prevent tb infection in childrenStudies have reported that vitamin D deficiency is associated with potential TB susceptibility in school-age children, while others have found that vitamin D supplementation enhances immunity in susceptible populations to mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and reduces the risk of testing positive tb bacteria in school-age childrenA recent study published in The New England Journal of Medicine suggests that vitamin D supplementation to people who are susceptible to TB and lack of vitamin D reduces their risk of contracting mycobacteria tuberculosis and tbThe phase III double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 18 public schools in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, a region with a high incidence of vitamin D deficiency and tuberculosis, and included 95.6 per cent of the 8,851 children with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D baseline levels below 20 ng/mlThe study mainly included criteria for children between the ages of 6 and 13 who had no potential TB infection combined with clinical signs of ricketsThe main observations were positive results of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, and secondary observations included serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels at the end of the trial, as well as tuberculosis, acute respiratory infections and adverse eventsThe researchers randomly grouped 8,851 children with negative tb mycobacteria infection: 4,418 were assigned to the vitamin D group and 4,433 were assigned to the placebo group14,000 IU or placebo or placebo or oral for 3 consecutive years At the end of the trial, the percentage of children with suspected TB infection with TB positive T-cell testwased was 3.6% positive in the vitamin D group, 3.3% of the positive results in the placebo group, and 31.0 ng/31.0 0 0 serum-hydroxy vitamin D levels in the vitamin D group ml, the placebo group was 10.7 ng/ml; 21 children in the vitamin D group were diagnosed with tuberculosis, 25 children in the placebo group; 29 children in the vitamin D group and 34 children in the placebo group were hospitalized for acute respiratory infections; and there was no significant difference in adverse event rates between the two groups Finally, the study concluded that vitamin D supplementation did not reduce the risk of TB infection, tuberculosis or acute respiratory infections in school-age children in Mongolia who lacked vitamin D